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Modern Distance Education in China —History, Status, Policies, Market and Development

Modern Distance Education in China —History, Status, Policies, Market and Development. Feiyu KANG The School of Continuing Education Tsinghua University Jan. 22, 2003. History of Distance Education in China. Teaching by correspondence ( 函授): 1952, mailing teaching materials + F2F tutorial

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Modern Distance Education in China —History, Status, Policies, Market and Development

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  1. Modern Distance Education in China—History, Status, Policies, Market and Development Feiyu KANG The School of Continuing Education Tsinghua University Jan. 22, 2003

  2. History of Distance Education in China • Teaching by correspondence (函授): • 1952, mailing teaching materials + F2F tutorial • University of Broadcast & Television (广播电视大学): • 1978, teaching by Broadcast and TV • CUBT is the largest U, 1 million students

  3. Milestones of Modern Distance Learning in China • March 1996Prof.Wang Dazhong of Tsinghua Univ. proposed to have Modern Distance Education. • March 1999 4 universities including Tsinghua got the permission from the Ministry of Education to become pilots, 67 top Chinese universities joined this program by far. • July 2000 Coordination Group of Modern Distance Education of Chinese Universities was founded. Tsinghua was elected as a chief unit. • Oct. 2000China education broadband internet was opened • Dec. 2001The pilot university was asked to submit annual review report.

  4. 67 Pilot Universities in 5 Lots First Lot（March-April,1999年）:4+1 Tsinghua University Zhejiang University Hunan University Beijing University of Communication Central University of Broadcast & Television (CUBT)

  5. Policies for Pilot Universities Enrollment scale:no limitation, no plan, no quota Recruitment method：examination is given by universityself Majors setup：setup by university Learning period：flexible

  6. Enrollment number growth rapidly(unit:10000, total: 1.5 million)

  7. Statistics of Students Types

  8. Age Distribution of Students

  9. Popular topics: Universities % Computer Sci & Tech31 69 Law21 47 Business & Administration18 40 English17 38 Accounting12 27 Trading and Marketing 12 27

  10. Data Transportation modes Internet72 % Satellite44 % Cable TV29 % Video Conference71 % CD-ROM78 % F2F68 % The above 2-3modes were adopted by each university.

  11. Major problems ① Too many students are learning for degrees:94% ② Most of freshmen are post high-school students:31% ③ Some universities are over capability: teaching and management resource, technique support ④ Recruitment ratio was too high: 83% ⑤ Some learning centers were unqualified

  12. New Strategies from the Ministry of Education 1.Regular guidance 2.Annual review report and certificate 3.Public support system (via CUBT) 4.Encourage adult education and continuing education in part-time，and limit high school graduate 5.Strengthening teaching, examination and learning centers

  13. Market • Lack of high education resource: the current ratio of enrollment is only 13%, more people are looking for the opportunity • Many provinces are very poor: they are waiting for the excellent education program • Continuing education is urgent needed after joining the WTO • Number of students want to study abroad

  14. Modern Distance Education in Tsinghua • The earliest and largest distance education unit in China (since 1997) • More than 100 off-shore campus learning centers established in the whole country • 22,000 students for degrees and 10,000 for short course training • Around 200 courses provided by internet and satellite

  15. Roles of Tsinghua University in Distance Learning • To provide authorization and certificates • To provide classrooms with multimedia equipment for all audience to watch at the same time • To provide online courseware as well as CD-ROM and other materials • To provide web-based discussion and tutorial platform: www.itsinghua.edu.cn • To provide supervision and training for tutors in learning centers

  16. Operation Mode Diagram Tsinghua University Authorization and support Web-based discussion Feedback Provide classroom and facilitator Participants Distance Learning Centers Exam and Feedback

  17. Program for Junior College Graduates to Apply for Bachelor’ s degree • Law • Economics • English • Art and Design • Graphic design, environmental art design • Computer applied technology • Marketing (IHM Business School) • The total enrollment is 13391 (from 2000 to 2002)

  18. Specialized Refresher Courses at Postgraduate Level • Business and Management (MBA) • Computer Application Technology • Civil and Commercial Law • Education Economics and Management • Project Management (U. of New South Walls) • International marketing (U. of South Australia) • Actuary (University of Connecticut) • The total enrollment is 8489 (from 1998 to 2002)

  19. Short courses for Professional training by distance learning • Teachers training (middle and primary schools in west China) • Insurance and finance (actuary, accounting, CFA) • English (Olympics2008 and Exp2010) • Innovation administration ( The Australia National University) • Urban planning • Tourism and hospitality management

  20. Future Development in Distance Education • Providing comprehensive and high-quality professional training programs • Being a continuing education platform for enterprises • Strengthening the collaboration with the top education agencies in the world • Extending Web-based education system

  21. 3in1 Online Tutorial System • Broadband internet (CERNET: Gigabps) • Satellite special net (Asia Sat II: C-band, 6.5 Mb) • ISDN special net • MCU-based functions: integration of voice, image, with electric white board • Tutorial & seminar: multi-points communication

  22. The system based on internet may offer university courses，such as online class, discussion, tutorial, assignment. It also supports course planning, teaching management, quality control, and so on。 管理工作流 Planning Quality Control Certificates Registration Courseware Examination 网上实验室 网上小组讨论 虚拟资料室 个人学习 Teaching Work Flow E-mail BBS Chat Course Bank 作业 网上教室 Teaching courseware Teaching monitor Modeling Project for Web-college

  23. 592 key poverty-help counties 10 provinces in western China Undeveloped economics and lack of education resource Sat., Internet, ISDN and CD-ROM Law Teachers training Agriculture technology Hospital & health Business & Management …… Distance Education for Poverty-help

  24. Market; Universities Government Industries Individuals Support: Courseware Certificate & degrees Technologies Finance Joint Programme: Short course training Long-term diploma Joint Virtual- Seminar Workshop Class University Support and Collaboration

  25. Thank You Very Much!

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