Ch. 11 Medicines and Drugs

1. Ch. 11Medicines and Drugs

2. Vocabulary • Drugs – substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind • Medicines – drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases and other conditions. • Prescription medicines – medicines that can be sold only with a written order form from a physician.

3. Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines – medicines that are safe enough to be taken with out a written order from a physician • Vaccine – a preparation of dead or weakened germs that causes the immune system to produce antibodies • Antibiotics – medicines that reduce or kill harmful bacteria in the body

4. Side effect – any effect of a medicine other than the one intended • Tolerance – a condition in which a person’s body becomes used to the effect of a medicine and needs greater and greater amounts of it in order for it to be effective

5. Lesson 1 • Types of Medicines • 1. medicines to prevent disease (vaccine) • 2. medicines to fight infection (antibiotics) • 3. medicines to relieve pain (aspirin / ibuprofen)

6. Vaccines • Common vaccines are given today to protect you from communicable diseases (those that can spread), such as diptheria, whooping cough, measles, mumps, etc. These vaccines cause the immune system to cause antibodies and provide long-lasting protection.

7. Mixing Medicines • When mixing 2 or more medicines are taken at the same time, the combined effects may be dangerous. The following reactions are possible: • 1. each medicine may have a stronger effect than it would have if taken alone • 2. the medicine may combine to produce unexpected effects • 3. one medicine may cancel out the expected effects of the other

8. How medicines enter the body • Ingestion • Inhalation • Injection • Absorption

9. Using Medicines Wisely • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IPxkpMEFnw

10. Lesson 2: Narcotics, Stimulants,and Depressants • Narcotics – specific drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain • Addiction – physical or psychological need for a drug • Stimulants – substances that speed up the body’s functions • Depressants – substances that slow down the body’s functions and reactions

12. Heroin • An illegal narcotic that is made from morphine. It is the most commonly abused narcotic and is highly addictive. Because drugs users often share dirty needles, users of heroin and other injected drugs are at an increased risk of contracting HIV.

13. Types of Stimulants • Amphetamine • Methamphetamine • Cocaine • Crack

14. Types of Depressants • Tranquilizers • Barbiturates • Hypnotics

15. Lesson 3 Marijuana and Other Illegal Drugs • Marijuana • Most commonly used street drug • Contains 3-5 times the amount of cancer-causing substances found in tobacco smoke

16. Effects of Marijuana • Reduces memory, reaction time, and coordination, and impairs judgment • Increases heart rate and appetite and lowers body temperature • Damages heart and lungs • Changes hormone levels that interferes with normal body development • May cause addiction

17. Hallucinogens • Hallucinogens – drugs that distort moods, thoughts and senses • Types – PCP and LSD • Effects of Hallucinogens- • Increased heart rate • Increased blood pressure • Lack of muscle coordination • Decreased sensitivity to pain • (result in serious injuries and death)

18. Vocabulary • Psychological dependence – an addiction in which the mind sends the body a message that it needs more of a drug • Inhalant – any substance whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to produce mind-altering sensations • Physical dependence – a type of addiction in which the body itself feels a direct need for a drug

19. HOT • Lesson 3 review • Why are club drugs especially dangerous? • Why are teens more likely than adults to abuse inhalants?