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In the next 4 weeks… From Central to Late Medieval

In the next 4 weeks… From Central to Late Medieval. This week. . .Crusades. Next week. . . Political consolidation. Week 14 New Perspectives in Art & Literature. Week 15 Late-Medieval Challenge & Response. Rethinking the Late-Medieval.

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In the next 4 weeks… From Central to Late Medieval

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  1. In the next 4 weeks…From Central to Late Medieval

  2. This week. . .Crusades

  3. Next week. . . Political consolidation

  4. Week 14New Perspectives in Art & Literature

  5. Week 15Late-Medieval Challenge & Response

  6. Rethinking the Late-Medieval

  7. Before we turn to crusading…what kind of historical background is necessary to make sense of these armed pilgrimages?

  8. What kind of political expansion is this?!

  9. Norman Influence in the Mediterranean. . . Opportunity!

  10. Robert Guiscard (1015-85) & Sichelgaita

  11. How were they involved in the struggle between Gregory VII & Henry IV?

  12. Urban II (1088 – 1099)

  13. Alexius Comnenus, Pope Urban IIByzantine Emperor

  14. What did Alexius want?

  15. Urban drew on revitalized religious enthusiasm across Europe to bolster his specific papal agenda

  16. 1. Pope wants Rome and Constantinople Re-united

  17. 2. Pope vs. Emperor Henry IV(showdown re: investiture, cont.)

  18. 3. Pope wants to StopViolent Infighting in Europe

  19. 4. Pope wants Jerusalem in Christian Hands

  20. Jerusalem is the center / umbilicusof the world. . .

  21. Call to crusade in 1095 – “God wills it!”

  22. According to Fulbert of Chartres, what key points did Urban stress in his sermon? What passages struck you, and why?

  23. And who was he speaking to in particular? Whom did he not want?

  24. Let’s pause to consider. . . what kind of logistics would have been necessary?

  25. Different waves of ‘armies’…

  26. Why were Jewish communities in the Rhineland slaughtered in 1096?

  27. How does Solomon Bar Simson depict the Christians? And how does he describe the Jewish response?

  28. What happened to the first wave of people led by Peter the Hermit?

  29. The rest of the armed pilgrims continue: What’s the problem for Constantinople?

  30. What was likely the Byzantine attitude toward the Frankish crusaders?

  31. What would it have been like to crusade south to Jerusalem?

  32. Most improbably, Christians seize Jerusalem (1099). How?

  33. Islamicate worlds divided c. 1100

  34. How did the crusaders treat the inhabitants of Jerusalem? Why?

  35. What does Ibn al-Athir emphasize in his account of the First Crusade?

  36. Gradual establishment of Latin Settlements (last one will fall in 1291)

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