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Corporate Social Responsibility. Definition. The publication by Howard R. Bowen (1953) – book Social Responsibilities of the Businessman mark the beginnings of the modern period of CSR literature Initial definition of social responsibility:
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Definition • The publication by Howard R. Bowen (1953) – book Social Responsibilities of the Businessman mark the beginnings of the modern period of CSR literature • Initial definition of social responsibility: • “It refers to the obligation of businessmen to pursue those policies, to make those decisions, or to follow those lines of action which are desirable in terms of the objectives and values of our society” • Businessmen were responsible for the consequences of their actions in a sphere somewhat wider than that covered by their profit-and-loss statement
Definition • A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and stakeholder relations on a voluntary basis; it is about managing companies in a socially responsible manner (Holland, 2003)
CSR & Philanthropy • What is philanthropy? • Synonymous with corporate giving or sponsorship: “The effort or inclination to increase the well-being of human kind, as by charitable aid or donations.” • Often aligned with marketing and PR efforts, • It is a positive and worthy activity, BUT, very narrow focus within most organizations • Philanthropy can be viewed as one component of CSR, BUT, Philanthropy is not synonymous with CSR
CSR & Sustainable Development Sustainable development: "Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.“ (The Brundtland Commission, 1987)
Sustainability Reporting • The process of communicating the social and environmental effects of organizations’ economics actions to particular interest groups within society at large (Gray et al, 1996) • The reporting on the economic, environmental and social policies, impacts and performance of an organisation and its products in the context of sustainable development • Three Bottom Line Reporting
Standard • The United Nations Global Compact • AccountAbility 1000 • Social Accountability 8000 • The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)
GRI 2006 - Indicators • Materials, • Energy, • Water, • Biodiversity, • Emissions, effluents, and waste, • Products and services, • Compliance, • Transport, • Overall
GRI 2006 - Indicators Labour Practices and Decent Work: Human Rights Investment and procurement practices, Non-discrimination, Freedom of association and collective bargaining, Child labour, Forced and compulsory labour, Security practices, Indigenous rights. Employment, Labour/management relations, Health and safety Training and education, Diversity and equal opportunity Product Responsibility Customer health and safety, Products and service labeling, Marketing communications, Customer privacy, Compliance Society Community, Corruption, Public policy, Anti-competitive behavior, Compliance
GRI 2006 - Indicators Economic performance, Market presence, Indirect economic impacts
Benefits • Reduces corporate risks • Protects and enhances reputation • Encouraging innovation and continuous improvements • Transparency to stakeholders • Build trust, addresses needs, strengthens dialogue • Gains competitive advantage in capital, labor, supplier and costumer markets • Creating financial value
Indonesia • UU No. 40 tahun 2007: • Perseroan yang menjalankan kegiatan usahanya di bidang dan/atau berkaitan dengan sumber daya alam wajib melaksanakan Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan. • Laporan tahunan harus melaporkan pelaksanaan Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan
Indonesia • Keputusan Ketua Badan Pengawas Pasar Modal dan Lembaga Keuangan Nomor: KEP-134/BL/2006 Tentang Kewajiban Penyampaian Laporan Tahunan Bagi Emiten atau Perusahaan Publik • Laporan tahunan wajib memuat uraian singkat mengenai penerapan tata kelola perusahaan yang telah dan akan dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan dalam periode laporan keuangan tahunan terakhir • Uraian mengenai aktivitas dan biaya yang dikeluarkan berkaitan dengan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan terhadap masyarakat dan lingkungan
Indonesia • ISRA (Indonesia Sustainability Reporting) Award • Diadakan oleh IAI Kompartemen Akuntan Manajemen • PROPER • Diadakan oleh Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup • Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No.127 tahun 2002 Tentang Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup • Peringkat terbaik (rating Emas) sampai yang terburuk (rating Hitam)