Sexually Transmitted Diseases

STD’s Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Pubic Lice (Crabs) and Scabies • What Are They? • Parasites (bugs) that live in body hair; scabies burrow under the skin.

Lice and Scabies • How do you get them? • Close physical contact with infected person • Contact with infected clothing, bedding, etc.

Lice and Scabies • What are the symptoms? • LICE: Itching in the area of the sex organs • Tiny lice crawling in the hair round the sex organs, armpits, eyebrows, chest hair, etc. • SCABIES: an itchy red sore or line of sores anywhere on the body • Itching is usually worse at night

Lice and Scabies • How can you know for sure? • LICE: Examine hair for lice or eggs • SCABIES: Examine sores by a clinician; they may take a scraping of skin for microscopic exam

Lice and Scabies • How are they treated? • Medicated shampoos or lotions such as RID, A-200, NIX or KWELL for pubic lice, or SCABENE for scabies • Thoroughly wash or dry clean all clothing, bedding, etc • Pregnant women must use prescription products

Lice and Scabies • What can happen if you have pubic lice or scabies? • Will spread to other parts of the body and other people • Itching and discomfort will get worse

Syphilis • What is it? • A bacterial infection

Syphilis • How do you get it? • Sexual contact with someone who carries the organisms • Any contact with a syphilis sore

Syphilis • What are the symptoms? • EARLY STAGE (21-90 days): a painless sore in the mouth, sex organs or elsewhere on the body. If you don’t treat it, the sore will go away in a couple of weeks, but syphilis is still present in the body • Many people do not notice the sores

Syphilis • How can you know for sure? • Sample from a sore examined under a microscope • Blood test • If the first blood test is negative, another may be necessary in 6 weeks

Syphilis • How is it treated? • With antibiotics

Syphilis • What can happen if you have syphilis? • SECOND STAGE (2 weeks – 6 months) new sores, rash, fever, hair loss, body aches, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes • THIRD STAGE (years later): damage to heart, blood vessels, brain, eyes; death • Pregnant women can pass it on to the fetus causing it severe harm or death

Trichomoniasis • What is it? • a vaginal infection caused by a one-celled organism

Trichomoniasis • How do you get it? • Sexual contact with someone who has it.

Trichomoniasis • What are the symptoms? • Abnormal vaginal discharge (more than usual, different color, bad odor) • Burning or itching in or near the vagina • Burning with urination • Men usually have no symptoms but may experience urethral discharge or burning with intercourse • Some infected women have no symptoms

Trichomonaisis • How can you know for sure? • Sample of discharge examined under a microscope • Pelvic exam

Trichomoniasis • How is it treated? • Appropriate antibiotics

Trichomoniasis • What can happen if you have trichomoniasis? • Can carry harmful bacteria up into a woman’s uterus and tubes, causing a pelvic infection • Can spread to sexual partner(s)

Gonorrhea • What is it? • A bacterial infection • In women, can infect the cervix, urethra, uterus and tubes • In men, can infect the urethra, prostate and epididymis

Gonorrhea • How do you get it? • Sexual contact with someone who has gonorrhea

Gonorrhea • What are the symptoms? • WOMEN: pelvic pain, painful urination, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or discharge • Many women have no symptoms • MEN: Painful urination • Drip or discharge from the penis • Many men have no symptoms

Gonorrhea • How can you know for sure? • Sample of discharge examined under a microscope and cultures taken for lab tests

Gonorrhea • How is it treated? • Antibiotics

Gonorrhea • What can happen if you have gonorrhea? • Severe infection of the reproductive organs • Sterility • Heart problems • Arthritis (joint problems) • If a woman has gonorrhea when she gives birth, the infection can be passed to the baby • Can spread infection to sexual partners • Disorders of the central nervous system

Hepatitis-B • What is it? • An infection caused by a virus.

Hepatitis-B • How do you get it? • Sexual or intimate contact with someone carrying the virus • Using unsterile I.V. needles

Hepatitis-B • What are the symptoms? • Extreme fatigue • Headache • Fever • Nausea • Yellowing of skin • May show no symptoms during the most contagious phases

Hepatitis-B • How can you know for sure? • Blood tests • Physical examination

Hepatitis-B • How is it treated? • No direct treatment available • In most cases the body fights the infection, which gradually fades away • Vaccine is available that can help protect people

Hepatitis-B • What can happen if you have Hepatitis-B? • Virus is very contagious and may remain active for a person’s lifetime • Can spread infection to sexual partner • Although 90-95% of adults recover completely, Hepatitis-B can cause severe liver disease and death • A woman can transmit the virus to her fetus or newborn baby

Chlamydia • What is it? • A bacterial infection • In women, it infects the cervix, urethra, fallopian tubes and ovaries • In men, it infects the urethra, prostate and epididymis

Chlamydia • How do you get it? • Sexual contact with someone who carries the organism

Chlamydia • What are the symptoms? • WOMEN: Pelvic pain, painful or frequent urination • Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge • Bleeding after intercourse • Sometimes symptoms are present only in the morning • Many women have no symptoms

Chlamydia • What are the symptoms? • MEN: discharge from the penis • Painful urination • Sometimes symptoms are present only in the morning • Many men have no symptoms

Chlamydia • How can you know for sure? • Sample of discharge examined under a microscope and lab tests

Chlamydia • How is it treated? • antibiotics

Chlamydia • What can happen if you have chlamydia? • Severe infection of the reproductive organs • Sterility • If a woman has cervical chlamydia when she gives birth, the infection can be passed to the baby • Can spread infection to sexual partner(s)

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) • What is it? • An infection of the uterus, tubes and pelvic organs due to gonorrhea, chlamydia or other bacteria.

PID • How do you get it? • Sexual contact with someone who carries the organism • Can also occur in women who have not had sexual contact

PID • What are the symptoms? • Lower abdominal pain, painful intercourse, burning during urination, heavy periods or irregular bleeding, fever, chills • Some women have mild or no symptoms

PID • How can you know for sure? • Pelvic exam • Sample of cervical discharge examined under a microscope and sent for lab tests • Blood tests • Pregnancy test to exclude tubal pregnancy

PID • How is it treated? • Antibiotics • Bed rest • Sexual abstinence

PID • What can happen if you have PID? • Pelvic abscess, which may require surgery • Sterility • Repeat episodes of PID • Chronic pelvic pain • Increased risk of tubal pregnancy • Can spread organisms to sexual partner(s)

Genital warts or Condyloma • What is it? • Warts caused by a virus called the human papilloma virus (HPV)

Genital warts or Condyloma • How do you get it? • Skin-to-skin contact with genital warts

Genital warts or Condyloma • What are the symptoms? • Warts that grow around the sex organs or rectum • There might be slight itching, burning or irritation, especially with many warts • Warts my be found on the cervix (inside the vagina) where the woman may not notice them • Some people can carry the warts virus and have no symptoms

Genital warts or Condyloma • How can you know for sure? • Warts examined

Genital warts or Condyloma • How is it treated? • Can be removed by: • Burning them off with chemicals, electric current or laser • Freezing them off

Genital warts or Condyloma • What can happen if you have genital warts? • They can grow larger in size, or spread to new areas and become harder to remove • Cervical warts are associated with abnormal pap smears, and can lead to more serious problems • Can spread warts to sexual partner(s)

Sexually Transmitted Diseases