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Mechanisms for Providing QoS in IPv6-based Internetworks

Mechanisms for Providing QoS in IPv6-based Internetworks. Jun-Hyun, Moon Computer Communications LAB., Kwangwoon University imp@kw.ac.kr. Introduction to the QoS in the context of IP Networking. QoS(Quality of Service)?? Service Differentiation Bandwidth Guarantee Low Delay Low Jitter

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Mechanisms for Providing QoS in IPv6-based Internetworks

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  1. Mechanisms for Providing QoS in IPv6-based Internetworks Jun-Hyun, Moon Computer Communications LAB., Kwangwoon University imp@kw.ac.kr

  2. Introduction to the QoS in the context of IP Networking • QoS(Quality of Service)?? • Service Differentiation • Bandwidth Guarantee • Low Delay • Low Jitter • Low loss

  3. Introduction to the QoS in the context of IP Networking (cont.) • Best-Effort Delivery Model • irrespective of content-type or application requirements. • Simple principle - First Come, First Served (FCFS) • Integrated Services (IntServ) Model • Three service class • Best Effort service – FCFS, ordinary data : default • Guaranteed service – Hard Real-time requirements • Controlled Load service – Soft Real-time requirements • Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Model • ‘Per-Flow-based’ QoS support • ‘Aggregated-Flow-based’ QoS support • Per-Hop-Behavior (PHB)

  4. The Facts • There’s tendency towrds All-IP network: • Fast adoption of IP-based communications for hand-held wireless interfaces. • Users expect access to advanced internet services as if they were on traditional fixed networks.

  5. IPv6 QoS: Generic Issues • IPv6 기본 헤더 구조

  6. High priority IPv6 QoS: Generic Issues(cont.) • Traffic Class bit (8bit) : Class or Priority Identifier • RFC 1881 • 0 ~ 7 : congestion-controlled traffic • 8 ~ 15 : Non-congestion-controlled traffic

  7. IPv6 QoS: Generic Issues(cont.) • QoS Management

  8. IPv6 QoS: Generic Issues(cont.) • QoS Management

  9. IPv6 QoS: Generic Issues(cont.) • Flow Label (20bit) • 송신자 Node에서 할당 • Flow • 송신자 IP 주소와 Non-zero flow label의 조합으로 유일하게 식별 • 같은 Flow에 속하는 모든 Packet들은 the same source address, destination address, and flow label • The source desires special handling by the intervening routers. • Experimental and subject to change

  10. IPv6 QoS: Generic Issues(cont.) • Example

  11. The Mobility Problem • Purposes from the QoS points of view: • Providing the requested services even if the terminal changes its point of attachment to network. • Deal with handovers, change of IP addresses, inter-domain mobility, etc. • Mobile IP problems: • Triangular routing-problem, packets go up and down-stream through different paths. • Frequently path updates: high overhead, high latency, high loss. • Need of CCOA addresses per host. • Use of tunnels which affects QoS provision. • Mobile IPv6: • Solves most of the problems of Mobile IP. • No seamless mobility, frequent path updates which still causes high overhead, latency and loss during handover.

  12. Micro-mobility • Micro-mobility, Domain-mobility, Regional-mobility??? • It manages movement within the same administrative domain. • Advantages of using Micro-mobility with Mobile IP: • Path updates within domain → micro mobility protocol.. • Reduces Mobile IP path updates. • Inter-domain handovers are faster.

  13. Effects of Micro-mobility in QoS • Effects of Micro-mobility in QoS

  14. Using IPv6 for Micro-mobility • IPv6 Advantages. • Micro-mobility protocols can make use of most of the advantages of IPv6 • Using IPv6 within the Micro-mobility domain: • Use of extension headers. • Security. • Auto-configuration. • Tunneling with source address options. • Movement detection. • No tunneling → avoid encapsulation. • QoS extensions (not of use of mm protocol but useful for this duscussion).

  15. Cellular IP • Cellular IP

  16. IPv6 applied to Cellular IP • Changes introduced by using IPv6 on Cellular IP: • Route update packets are included on a IPv6 control header. Route caches are updated with every packet. • Security added for authentication. • Autoconfiguration to obtain COA directly. • No additional IP addresses are introduced. Only IPv6 addressing mechanisms are used. • Route optimization included for IPv6 • QoS aspects: • the same given by using IPv6: performance, flowid, DSCP. • Given by performance improvements on mobility itself. • Cellular IPv6: • <draft-shelby-seamoby-cellularipv6-00.txt>.

  17. So… • Mobile IP provides basic mobility. • Mobile IP has been greatly improved with IPv6(MIPv6) • Micro-mobility protocols optimize mobility. • most of them do not make use of IPv6. “IPv6 can be succesfully applied to existing Micro-mobility protocols to improve their operation.”

  18. But…. • That’s of enough for QoS. • Things needed for our QoS purposes: • Fast handover → IETF mobileIP group, IETF seamoby group. • Minimum packet loss → soft handover. • Bounded impact on delay → Micro-mobility approaches? • Uniform level of service (end to end) → within the same cell → standarized support from the link layer so adaptation can be possible. • QoS service is a contract that the system need to predict, and that’s not possible now. “There’s still a lot of things to do to provide ‘good’ QoS when the terminal is moving”

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