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Universal Education: way forward By T.M.Vijay Bhaskar Secretary to Government,

Universal Education: way forward By T.M.Vijay Bhaskar Secretary to Government, Primary and Secondary Education, Karnataka. Vision of School Education.

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Universal Education: way forward By T.M.Vijay Bhaskar Secretary to Government,

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  1. Universal Education: way forward By T.M.Vijay Bhaskar Secretary to Government, Primary and Secondary Education, Karnataka.

  2. Vision of School Education • The Vision of the state of Karnataka is to ensure that all the children of the state in the age group of 6 to 16 years complete 10 years of free and quality education by 2012 and are also equipped with specified knowledge, skills and values to enable them to become good human beings and productive and socially responsible citizens and to achieve excellence in whatever they do*”. • Primary level – Classes 1 to 5 • Higher Primary – Classes 6 to 7/8 • Elementary – Classes 1 to 8 • Secondary – Classes 8 to 10 • Higher Secondary – Classes 11 and 12 • Tertiary – Classes 13 and above

  3. The 86th Amendment to the Constitution in 2002 made it the responsibility of the state to provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years. However legislation in this regard is yet to be adopted.

  4. Universal Education- Status • Near Universal access and enrolment in elementary education; universal achievement i.e quality the next goal • Karnataka close to achieving universal access to secondary education; 485 government high schools in 2006-07 and 515 proposed in 2007-08 to meet more than 95% of requirement. • Challenges in higher secondary education • Moderate goals in higher and technical education • 85% literacy rate achievable goal in adult education

  5. Universal Elementary Education • “Karnataka has made considerable advances towards UEE: 99% Access;98% NER for 6-14 year group in Class 1-8; free textbooks, uniforms upto Class 10 in govt. schools; midday meal upto Class 10 in govt and aided schools; strategies for bringing remaining out of school children, children of migrant labour, CWSN to school Regional , urban-rural, gender, social gaps are decreasing but are still unacceptably large Strengthen Commissionerates at Gulbarga and Dharwad Use of SCP and TSP funds to reduce burden of education expenditure on SC/ST households by giving incentives of notebooks, school bags, stationery, footwear.

  6. UEE (contd) Quality is our foremost concern now Universal Quality Education for all is our goal • First state to set up independent learning achievement testing system in India for primary schools - Karnataka School Quality Assesment Organisation • Average achievement levels of children decreases from 67% in Class 2 to 49% in Class 5 to 48% in Class 7 (2006) • Each school has prepared School Academic Improvement Plan as part of Karnataka Schools Toward Quality Education (KSQE) • Financing of the SAIP to be major effort in 11FYP • Introduction of Class 0 - pre-primary class • Multi-grade self instructional books and learning strategies like Nali Kali for multi grade schools

  7. UEE (contd) • Trained Graduate Teachers for Classes 6 & 7 • Greater use of video and audio lessons through Edusat -- receiving equipment in more schools • Cluster School Complex – to link high schools and neighbouring primary schools for academic guidance and optimal use of resources • Revision of Curriculum and Textbooks as per National Curriculum Framework 2005 • Childrens holistic development • Implementation of Prof. Vaidyanathan Committee report to give impetus to physical and sports education • Optimal use of existing special teachers to encourage creative expression • Suvarna Arogya Chaitanya programme- School health check ups

  8. UEE (contd) • “Our longer term goal should be that all schools in India have physical infrastructure and quality of teaching equivalent to Kendriya Vidyalayas” – 11th FYP Approach Paper • Thanks to SSA requirement of school buildings and classrooms has been largely met; but • Large gaps in school infrastructure have to be filled and school environment improved : • Infrastructural gaps: • toilets-13440, girls toilets-29326, water supply-10513, electricity-19036, desks, library books and furniture-9010, lab equipment, sports equipment, play equipment, playground-21456, compound wall-20108

  9. Increase Accountability of School system • Setting up of School Development and Monitoring Committees in 2001 • Composition: parents representatives, elected/selected • Coverage: school • Powers: implement SSA, Midday meals, sanction CL to HM, monitoring attendance, improving quality • Now linked to Gram Panchayats as sub-committees • Training to SDMC members to increase oversight

  10. Universal Secondary and Higher Secondary Education • Goal of 100% NER by 2012 for Classes 9-10 and 75% in Cl. 11-12 • More than 40% of eligible students are still out of secondary school system. • Out of 100 students entering1st standard , 86 students retained in 8th std and 65 in 10th standard. • Out of 100 students entering class 1, Pass out in SSLC is 40

  11. Universal Secondary Education - Goals • Ensure that all children who complete elementary education also complete secondary education. • About 80% of children who join should successfully complete secondary education by 2012 and higher secondary education by 2016. • The state will ensure that there are no dropouts at the secondary stage by 2012. • By 2012, the state will ensure universal enrolment, retention and achievement of mastery learning by at least 60% of the children (60% of children in X class will achieve 60% mastery in subjects and other learning areas).

  12. Secondary School Scenario-2005-06 Details of Secondary Schools,Teachers,Students

  13. Universal Secondary Education - Challenges • Tremendous emphasis on elementary education has resulted in greater demand for secondary education • Poor performance in Math's, Science.and English. • Girl enrolment lower than boys by 7%. • Half of the districts are below state average in Math's, Science and English. • Filling up of post of teachers is sporadic-not annual. • Out of 3574 government H.S only 1718 schools are covered under ICT • Teachers training at secondary level needs improvement.

  14. USE (contd) Scheme for universalising secondary education proposed by GOI in 2007-08 budget • However only non-recurring costs to be provided as per present information • State has to go ahead with programmes to reach goals, while obtaining GOI assistance whereever available • Private sector to be facilitated liberally in higher secondary education • School mapping to identify new school/college requirements • Secondary Education Accreditation Council to improve standards in secondary and higher secondary education • Provision of school, maintenance, teacher grants • Regular Training for teachers, SDMC members

  15. USE • Open and distance education through Karnataka Open School • Provision for Computers in all high schools for computer and computer aided instruction • Preparation of Edusat lessons for Cl. 9 and 10 and supply of receiving eqpt. To all govt high schools • Sports and Physical Education – sports schools in each block • Arts and culture – providing teachers and upgrading Pratibha Karanji • Work education – extension to all schools and provision of equipment

  16. Vocational Education • “We need to expand vocational training from the present capacity of a mere 2 to 3 million to at least 15 million new entrants to the labour force. While we have 5000 IndustrialTraining Institutes (ITIs) (under the Ministry of Labour) and 7000 Vocational Schools (under the Ministry of HRD), China has about 5,00,000 Secondary Vocational Schools”- 11 FYP Approach Paper • To increase intake from 60,000 to 300,000 in vocational courses their number should increase from about 900 to 3000; • Permanent system for vocational education • Increase number of courses from 30 (eg. 4000 in China) Demand oriented, industry relevant,Short duration courses

  17. Vocational Education • Provision of equipment, infrastructure for existing and new courses • Give liberal permission to private institutions • Expand certification role of Board of Vocational Education • Allow SSLC failed, 8th class students to enter appropriate courses i.e. garment manufacturing, horticulture etc. • Boards consisting of employers, industry representatives, professional associations to be involved in overseeing each course Similar increases in numbers of ITI’s, diploma courses, polytechnics required • Set up more courses in smaller towns • Should be given priority equal to secondary education to attract and absorb more youth, especially girls

  18. Higher Education • Only 10% of relevant popn. In higher education as against 20%-25% in some developing countries • Issues • Expansion, Inclusion and Excellence • New general and professional colleges esp. in backward taluks/districts • Introduction of market relevant courses in existing colleges • Provide living scholarships for students from SC/ST/BPL families in addition to exemption from fees to meet opportunity costs

  19. Higher Education • Subsidising girls from BPL families in professional and science courses • Govt. need not provide in all cases; it can also finance student centric higher education through targeted scholarships • Regular filling of teaching and certain min. no. of non-teaching vacancies in colleges-Target 90% filled teaching posts • Untied one-time grant to Govt. colleges to meet NAAC criteria and get A grade. • Opening of new Universities to cater to increasing number of colleges

  20. Higher Education • Increase number of post-graduate courses Number of science and engineering Phds should increase by 5 times – facilitate Phds by giving Govt. staff study leave or deputing in certain cases Setting up of State Council for Higher Education Open and distance education to be strengthened and expanded (unlike regular higher education it is not subsidised at present) Use of Edusat, Internet, for teaching, testing, contact lessons etc to overcome shortage of infrastructure Develop one University as Model University on international standards- 11 FYP Approach paper

  21. Adult Education • Karnataka 6th among 7 neighbouring states • Goal of 85% literacy • Increase state funding • New state strategies like Kalike-Galike, Literacy through Students, Rapid Learning Camps have proved effective – to be strengthened and expanded • Incentives need to be provided to volunteer instructors • Rapid Learning Camp approach attractive for learners and effective; follow up teaching is reqd.

  22. Adult Education • Continuuing Education Centres – State share to be provided • Use of computer based literacy methods (TCS in AP) • Use of Edusat in Chamarajanagar and Gulbarga for evening classes • External evaluation through B.Ed, D.Ed students • Involvement of gram panchayats and urban local bodies by routing all programmes to them • NGOs to provide training, monitoring and motivation • NREGP workers to be given literacy through evening camps as in Raichur

  23. Financing • Various documents incl. 11th FYP Approach Paper: Should achieve 6% of GDP • It spent lowest %age of expenditure on Education and Training to Total Budgeted Expenditure in 2003-04 among all neighbouring states • Per capita expenditure on education lower than all neighbouring states except A.P. and lower than average for all states • Karnataka needs to increase share of Expenditure on Education to Total Budgeted Expenditure

  24. Budgeted Expenditure (Rev Acct) on Education 2003-04

  25. Thank you

  26. Universal Access • Goal – to provide all children access to primary school within 1 km. of every habitation and to upper primary school within 3 km. of every habitation (national norm) • To open primary schools in all habitations with more than 200 population • Status in Karnataka -99% of habitations have access to primary school and 98% to upper primary school

  27. Policies, programmes for Universal Access and their implementation School/ alternative schooling facility • Better State norm and policy – to open primary school with regular teacher in all habitations with 100 population – 10 children in classes 1 to 5. • Where 5 to 10 children are available open para-school with local volunteer for classes 1 to 3 • Where less than 5 children provide transportation facility • One HPS for every 2 LPSs • Provisions for Hard to Reach children • Seasonal Bridge Course – at source of migration • Tent Schools – at destination of migrating labour e.g. mines in Bellary, national highway workers • Home Based Education – for severely disabled children • Mobile (Bus) School for slum children

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