FRENCH-ENGLISH RELATIONS 1950 – PRESENT Monday January 10 th , 2011 "La Survivance "

1. FRENCH-ENGLISH RELATIONS 1950 – PRESENT Monday January 10th, 2011 "La Survivance" The survival of Quebec's cultural identity, language and religion.

2. Success Criteria Learning Target • We will discuss Francophone and Anglophone relations and the importance it has to Canadian history. • I will be able to explain specific information and events surrounding the timeline of French and English relations since WWII.

3. Agenda • Homework – Take Up • Bi and Bi Commission – Note • The Quiet Revolution - Note • FLQ – Note • October Crisis - Note • French English Relations Worksheet

4. Bi & Bi Commission • Prime Minister Pearson set up the Bilingualism and Biculturalism Commission • Examinedrelations between the French and English Canadians • French speaking communities outside of Quebec continued to struggle for recognition.

5. Quiet Revolution • Overseen by Jean Lesage (liberal government premier of Quebec) • The Quiet Revolution was a reformation of civil & social services (ex. education, hospitals, labour code, legal status of women, etc.) • Main Goal: • To ensure the Quebecois were the “Masters of their Own House” (Maitres chez nous).

6. Official Languages Act • Also known as BILL 22 • Was passed in 1969 by Trudeau • This act guaranteed: • French and English language used when speaking to the government • Official Documents written in both languages • Products sold would be labeled in both languages

7. Quebec in the 1970s • Most French speaking Quebeckers believed that Francophonesliving in Quebec had fewer opportunities than Anglophones • Some Quebeckers believed that the only solution to their difficulties was to separate peacefully from Canada • Some felt that violent measures would better promote their cause.

8. FLQ • Quebec nationalist group: Front de liberation du Quebec (FLQ) • Dedicated to achieving change through revolutionary means • Committed robberies to obtain money, explosives and weapons. • Divided into cells (small groups) • Operated independently

9. The October Crisis: October 5th, 1970 • Two cells of the FLQ took action • British Trade Commissioner James Cross was kidnapped • Five days later, Quebec’s Minister of LabourPierre Laporte was kidnapped

10. As the crisis continued, the FLQ realized that they would not be dealt with. They killed Pierre Laporte and stuffed the body in the trunk of a car. Quebec asks Ottawa to send troops into Montreal to maintain order.

11. The October Crisis • Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act, • Suspended all civil liberties and gave the police the right to search or arrest without due process of law. • This Act has only been invoked twice before (WWI and WWII). • A few months later, the murderers are found and Cross is found alive in an apartment. The October Crisis was over.

12. French and English Relations – In a NUTSHELL! • Quebec elected a separatist government that took steps to strengthen francophone culture. • Separatist terrorist group: Front de liberation du Quebec (FLQ) • War Measures Act was implemented • French English Relations only intensified!

13. Homework • Complete the French-English Relations worksheet