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Urinary Disorder & Renal Disorders Chapters 63, 64, & 65

Urinary Disorder & Renal Disorders Chapters 63, 64, & 65. By Angie Lawson RN, BSN. Urinary A & P Review. Kidneys Nephron Glomerular filtration Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion Ureters Urinary Bladder Urethra. Assessment. Health -History Physical Exam Diagnostic Tests

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Urinary Disorder & Renal Disorders Chapters 63, 64, & 65

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  1. Urinary Disorder & Renal DisordersChapters 63, 64, & 65 By Angie Lawson RN, BSN

  2. Urinary A & P Review • Kidneys • Nephron • Glomerular filtration • Tubular reabsorption • Tubular secretion • Ureters • Urinary Bladder • Urethra

  3. Assessment • Health -History • Physical Exam • Diagnostic Tests • Urine Tests • Renal Function Tests • Radiological Studies • Endoscopic procedures • Ultrasound examination of the kidneys

  4. Therapeutic Measures • Management of urinary incontinence • Stress incontinence • Urge incontinence • Functional incontinence • Total incontinence • Management of urine retention • Indwelling catheters • Intermittent catheterization • Suprapubic catheter

  5. Urinary Tract Infections • Urethritis • Inflammation of the urethra • Cystitis • Inflammation of the urinary bladder • Pyelonephritis • Infection of the kidneys

  6. Urological Obstructions • Urethral strictures • Narrowing of the lumen of the urethra caused by scar tissue • Renal Calculi (kidney stones) • Small stones that form somewhere in the renal structures • Hydronephrosis • Results from untreated obstruction in the urinary tract

  7. Bladder Cancer (medical management) • Incontinent urinary diversion (Ileal conduit) • Continent urinary diversion (Koch pouch) • Orthotopic bladder substitution

  8. Kidney Cancer • Risk factors • Smoking & exposure to industrial pollution • Signs & symptoms • Hematuria, dull flank pain, & palpable mass

  9. Chronic Renal Diseases • Diabetic nephropathy • Long-term complication of diabetes • Nephrosclerosis • Large amounts of protein are lost in the urin

  10. Glomerulonephritis • Acute Glomerulonephritis • Periorbital edema • Nocturia/hematuria • Oliguria/anuria • Chronic Glomerulonephritis • Anasarca • Azotemia

  11. Renal Failure • Acute Renal Failure • Sudden rapid decrease in renal function & potentially reversible • Chronic Renal Failure • Progressive and irreversible damage to the nephrons

  12. Dialysis • Hemodialysis • Arteriovenous fistula • Arteriovenous Graft • Peritoneal Dialysis • Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis • Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis • Intermittent peritoneal dialysis

  13. Pediatrics • Urine specimens • Collection bag • Clean catch • Catheterization • 24 hour urine collection • Genitourinary tract defects (newborn) • Exstrophy of the bladder

  14. Pediatrics (infant) • Urinary tract infections • Fairly common in the diaper age • E. coli accounts for 80% • Wilms’ Tumor (nephroblastoma) • Most common abdominal neoplasms of early childhood

  15. Pediatrics (preschool) • Nephrotic syndrome • Lipoid nephrosis • Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome • Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) • Acute glomerulonephritis • Appears to be an allergic reaction to a specific infection (usually group A strep)

  16. Pediatrics (school age) • Enuresis • Bedwetting, involuntary urination beyond the age when control is often acquired. • Encopresis • Chronic involuntary fecal soiling beyond the age of when control is expected.

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