Federal Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications of Yugoslavia

1. Federal Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications of Yugoslavia Dr Dusan P. Jokanovic Assistant Minister

2. �Whatever the future arrangements for managing the spectrum, that task will become more important as the pressures on this finite resource, both for traditional applications and exciting new ones, continue to grow. Spectrum Monitoring is crucial part of the radio communication regulatory process.� Mike Goddard Chief Executive of the Radiocommunication Agency, UK

3. Scope: Role of monitoring and enforcement of spectrum use Current situation in this regard in FR Yugoslavia (Serbia) Operational Staff, Equipment and Facilities Spectrum Condition Proposals for the future actions

4. Monitoring as a part of Spectrum Management Monitoring feeds back into the spectrum management process by: validating information on legitimate users and evaluating real levels of usage of the spectrum to identify areas for further use, sharing or reallocation

6. Spectrum monitoring tasks: 1. For frequency allocations and assignments : What service is being allocated to each frequency band? What parameter is necessary to monitor the extent to which it is used? Assignments need to be made free from interference as far as it is practicable 2. For operation: Monitoring the compliance with the conditions in the license Resolving harmful interference cases

7. Linking of monitoring into overall spectrum management Monitoring staff need to know what is expected to be in each band or channel so as to check for interference and spectrum usage

8. Classes of Spectrum Monitoring (1) 1. Monitoring band occupancy At the allocation stage when existing band undergoes a change of use or when a new service is introduced. To ensure that the old services have vacated the band or that any sharing arrangements ar in fact working in practice.

9. Classes of Spectrum Monitoring (2) 2. Monitoring channel occupancy This will confirm or detect the level of use of frequency assignments in particular channels. It can identify gaps in traffic, at certain times of the day or week, thereby identifying where shared use could be considered.

10. Classes of Spectrum Monitoring (3) 3. Interference investigation Dealing with the complaints regarding interference. Many techniques are available to detect and locate interference .

11. Classes of Spectrum Monitoring (4) 4. Compliance (routine) monitoring Routine monitoring to ensure or confirm that new users meet license conditions. Such a random and selective inspections are particularly effective in terms of improving and maintaining compliance levels.

12. Classes of Spectrum Monitoring (5) 5. International monitoring (HF/satellite) Deals with the discovering and resolving the international interference sources.

13. Spectrum monitored: LF/MF/HF from 9kHz to 30 MHz VHF/UHF from 30MHz to at least 3 GHz Microwave and millimeter wave from 3GHz to 110 GHz

14. Monitoring to Support Modern Spectrum Management Tools and Techniques 1. Auctions to confirm the availability of auctioned band 2. Spectrum pricing to measure the channel occupancy since the pricing is proportional to channel congestion 3. Refarming/migration process to confirm the availability of a new band

15. Enforcement and Spectrum Monitoring (1)

16. Enforcement and Spectrum Monitoring (2) Power to monitor use of frequencies, reflecting privacy policies Powers to resolve interference issues and reflecting the need for technical intervention Powers to enforce assignments and tackle illegal use of through, for example arrest, entry to premises and/or seizure of equipment

17. Situation in Yugoslavia (Serbia) No strategy for the future use of the radio frequency spectrum as a written document Legal framework Radio-broadcasting Act has been adopted New Telecommunication Act has been drafted only Institutions Broadcasting Regulatory Agency to be established Telecommunication Regulatory Agency to be established At the moment: Republic Ministry of Transport and Telecomm. (enforcement) Federal Ministry of Transport and Telecomm. (enforcement and monitoring)

18. Situation in Yugoslavia (Serbia) cont. Spectrum monitoring premises: Two fixed monitoring stations (one internationally recognized) equipped with some good pieces of monitoring devices (Direction Finders). Generally under equipped. Routine mobile monitoring campaigns conducted. Monitoring stuff not motivated and trained enough (with some exemptions). Enforcement stuff not motivated and trained enough. Plans for remote monitoring.

19. Situation in Yugoslavia (Serbia) cont. 5. Spectrum condition: Radio and TV Broadcasting problems. Great number of radio stations with no license Poor technical condition of transmitting equipment Sharing spectrum problems Not resolved or stated clearly rights and obligations of users Aeronautical bands problems A lot of harmful interference cases from radio stations and cordless phones (high priority in resolving the problems)

20. Situation in Yugoslavia (Serbia) cont. 5. Spectrum condition: Poor program reception problems A lot of complaints from the sitizens New communication services problems such as: FWA (Fixed Wireless Access) systems at 2.5 GHz Multipoint radio-relay systems License-exempt services International poor coordination problems Unresolved frequency coordination issues

21. Situation in Yugoslavia (Serbia) cont. Trends: We have joined the most of the international telecommunication bodies (ITU, CEPT). We have set up a clear direction where to go and what to achieve. We have modernized a little our technical base. We have a knowledge potential to make necessary legal, organizational and technical changes . We are ready to make a leapfrog to the ICT SOCIETY.

22. Conclusions in the form of proposal: Establish a legal framework Define a strategy for future development Implement the institutions Regulate firmly but flexibly

23. Federal Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications of Yugoslavia Dr Dusan P. Jokanovic Assistant Minister Email: djokanovic@gov.yu jokanovic@ieee.org