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Types of Sources. “Mind walk”. Not a journal – use a separate piece of paper Fold your paper in half – hot dog style? On the left: “Mind Walk” (think about) all the activities you were involved in in the past 24 hours List as many activities as you can remember on the left side of the paper.
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“Mind walk” • Not a journal – use a separate piece of paper • Fold your paper in half – hot dog style? • On the left: “Mind Walk” (think about) all the activities you were involved in in the past 24 hours • List as many activities as you can remember on the left side of the paper
Decide: • On the right side of the paper: • For each activity on your list, write down what evidence (if any) your activities might have left behind • See next slide for hints about historical evidence….
Historical Evidence in Your Daily Life • Did you create any records of your activities (a diary, notes to yourself, a letter to a friend, email, text message, FB post)? • Would traces of your activities appear in records someone else created (a friend’s diary, notes, a calendar entry, a letter or email from a friend)? • Would traces of your activities appear in school records or business records (debit card, school files)? • Would anyone be able to offer testimony (or oral history) about your activities (who and why)?
The Historian Formula • Historians “take in” primary sources and “produce” secondary sources • Historian + Evidence = History
What are primary sources? • Any piece of evidence created at or extremely near the time of the historical event being studied • Examples?
Primary Source Examples • Speeches • Interviews • News footage • Autobiographies • Diary or journal • Letters between individuals • Government records • Legal document (will, contract) • Creative works • Martin Luther King, “I Have a Dream” • Interview with President Obama on the economy • Footage of 9/11 • Autobiography of Frederick Douglass • Diary of Anne Frank • Correspondence between Abigail Adams to John Adams • Contract between a land owner and a timber company • Poetry, plays, music, art
What are Secondary Sources? • Interprets and analyzes primary sources • One or more steps “removed” from the event
Secondary Source Examples • Publications after the fact • History textbooks • Journals • Articles • Most books on history subject
Yesterday…dealt with both sources • Fenton Article – important concepts • Incomplete knowledge of the past • Think about your mind walk • The truth is sometimes hard to come by • History textbooks are problematic • BECAUSE – history is interpretation and authors can be biased