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Phosphate-Based Treatment of Contaminated Land in Jasper County, Missouri

Phosphate-Based Treatment of Contaminated Land in Jasper County, Missouri. Missouri Department of Natural Resources David E. Mosby, RG dave.mosby@dnr.mo.gov 573/751-3356. Two Separate EPA Grants. Bioavailability of Lead Contaminated Residential Soil treated using In Situ Phosphate

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Phosphate-Based Treatment of Contaminated Land in Jasper County, Missouri

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  1. Phosphate-Based Treatment of Contaminated Land in Jasper County, Missouri • Missouri Department of Natural Resources • David E. Mosby, RG • dave.mosby@dnr.mo.gov • 573/751-3356

  2. Two Separate EPA Grants • Bioavailability of Lead Contaminated Residential Soil treated using In Situ Phosphate • Abandoned or Former Lead/Zinc Mine Reclamation Demonstration

  3. Residential Soil Background • 1994 lead exposure study done by the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services • 14% of the children had elevated blood lead • 25% of the children near the smelter had • elevated blood lead • EPA began Lead Strategy - started sampling thousands of homes all • over Joplin

  4. Lead Contamination in surface soils over 800 ppm in Joplin, MO

  5. EPA ROD on Residential Soils • Excavate soil above 800 ppm Pb • Replace garden soils above 500 ppm Pb • Provide loaner HEPA Vacs • Soil Repository covering mill waste • Long-term Health Education and blood-Pb screening • Phosphate treatment above 500 ppm Pb, if proven effective.

  6. PHOSPHATE TREATMENTWorking HypothesisAddition of phosphoric acid to Pb contaminated Joplin soil will result in formation of chloropyromorphite and reduce the Pb bioavailability and solubility. 5 Pb2+ + 3 H2PO4-+ Cl- ----> Pb5(PO4)3Cl + 6H+ log K = -25.05

  7. Bioavailability Testing Using Immature Swine • Pigs fed soil + feed by hand after fasting • 15 pigs dosed per soil at 3 different dose ranges • Pigs dosed for 15 days • 12 Blood Pb at various times + femur, kidney, liver samples analyzed per pig • Bioavailability value combination of tissues, but heavily weighted toward blood-Pb

  8. Study Design I. A. Soil Characterization and Bench Treatment of Smelter Soils I. B. Dosing of Treated and Untreated Bench Soils to Immature Swine to Determine Bioavailability II. A. Field Treat Soils and Characterize Pb and Distribution II. B. Dosing of Treated and Untreated Field Treated Soils

  9. Study Design cont. III. A. Incubation of Bench Soils III. B. Dosing of Incubated Soils IV. Dosing of Field Soils Over Time to Pigs V. Analyze Plant Tissue in Field Plots Over Time

  10. Metal Analysis of Test Materials

  11. Plans for Implementation • Intend to implement at ~500 residential properties in Jasper County • Will apply to properties with soil between 400 - 800 ppm Pb • Should take 3-4 days per property • Costs estimated between 1/2-1/3 soil removal= $4000-$5000/yard • MDNR hopes to implement as part of state match

  12. Former and Abandoned Pb/Zn Mine Demonstration Project

  13. Project Description • Jasper County Site Revegetation Using Biosolids Enhanced Wetland Close mine shafts

  14. Barren Chat & Tailings

  15. Organic Amendments • Selected organic amendments from local sources were utilized. • Mushroom compost • Mizzou Doo • Composted chicken litter • Uncomposted turkey litter • City of Springfield composted sewage sludge • Topsoil • Soil repository

  16. Phosphate Treatment Phosphate in organic matter • mushroom compost 0.36% • composted chicken litter 1.73% • turkey house litter 1-2% • composted sewage sludge 1.9% Inorganic phosphate - added 2500-5000 ppm P as TSP to highly contaminated areas

  17. Organic Matter Application

  18. Upland Site 1 Year Post Reclamation

  19. Center Creek Site 6 Months Post Reclamation

  20. Pre & Post Treatment Sampling • Storm water • plant tissue • soils/sediment • groundwater

  21. EPA study on impacts of Biosolids application in Jasper County • Metals in worms in biosolids lower than those found in control • Biosolids application does not pose ecological risk

  22. A happier duck!!!

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