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تاريخ العمارة الاسلامية. تاريخ العمارة الاسلامية. Islamic Architecture History. Mammluk Dynasty: 1250-1516 AC. Mammluk Dynasty : 1250-1516 AC. Fatima rulers often purchase Mamluks and prepared them to as guards or to fight with them
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تاريخ العمارة الاسلامية تاريخ العمارة الاسلامية Islamic Architecture History
Mammluk Dynasty: 1250-1516 AC • Fatima rulers often purchase Mamluks and prepared them to as guards or to fight with them • Mamluks feel and progress their power, controlled the country and became prisoners of their princes • The Mamluks feel anger with Turan Shah, kill him and appoint the throne for Queen shajarat Al-Dor (Om-Khalil) who continued for 3 months, then cut off the crown • The Mamlukes appoint the eight-yearold boy Al-Ashraf Al-Moosa and appoint Izz al-Din Turkmen Epic the holy guardian, who married shajarat Al-Dor (Om-Khalil)and took off the boy and domineer the Governing and ended the Ayyoub State
Characteristics of Mammluk Architecture • Rich care of mosques façades which reflected in the layers of horizontal Madamik of yellow stones and the other red • WindowsCavities and Hanaya ended with architectural decorations and Pendntives • Quran and historical Writing tapes crowned facades • Highlight the interface of the façades with the cavities and Hnaya the entrance is not at the center of the facade, but in one of the corners, and has some steps • Minaret is thin and moderate in height and has a cubic base and octagonal body , and the upper cylinder stages without a separate base, such as Qalawun,al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun,and Al-Zaher Bebars minarets • Beautiful doors with Islamic decorations like Seljuk decorations including Wezrat and colored marble- floors • Apses with creative art of mosaic and marble, such as the Sultan • Bargog Mosque and Sultan Hassan mosque are made of beautiful • marble or colors stone and Mosaic and not made of wood or plaste
The famous Mamluk Building • Sultan Hassan Mosque nad Madrasa • Bargog Mosque and Palace • AL-Zaher Babars Mosque • AL-Salihiyah Madrasa • Sultan Qalawoon Complex (Mosque, Madrasa,Dar Al-Amira Daughter of AL-Aziz Be-Allah Al-Fatimi) • Zawaiya ,Takaya, Bemarestans, and halls
Sultan Hassan Mosque and Madrasa • The Mosque of Sultan Hassan is located near the Citadel, specifically in Salah El Din Square (Qala's Square)in Cairo,and is considered one of the greatest and most Islamic monuments. The purpose of the establishment is for teaching of the four schools of thought • Sultan Hassan imported engineers from throughout the world to build his great monument. • After five years of construction, one of the minaret collapsed killing more 300 people. • In 1361, Sultan Hassan was murdered, two years before the mosque was actually completed in 1363 and was later finished by one of his functionaries named Bashir Al Gamdar.
تطــــــور المسجد في العمارة الإسلامية الجامع منظور من السماء
The A mosque and school of Sultan Hassan in cairo is the largest building and most of His Excellency and group the advantages of Islamic Architecture • it Was built by King Sultan Nasser Hassan Bin Sultan Bin Nasser bin Sultan bin Mansour Qalawun King in 1356 for the teaching of Islamic four schools, in Mamluk-style with accommodation for overseas students • the area was the horse market with Bibga Yahyawi Deputy Sham Sultan, blew it down and built the madrasa in place • It said that his school iwan was built on the extent of Kisra Anu sherwan Iwan in latitude and longitude. • during the digging of basis in the ground found the money that spend for the building and found anchor boats • the establishment of the mosque cost a lot of money so that the Sultan was unable to show completion of construction and saying for not to be said that the king of Egypt was unable to complete construction of the building I want to stop the mosque due to the costs
تطــــــور المسجد في العمارة الإسلامية مسجد ومدرسة السلطان حسن
the mosque Designed by Engineer / Mohamed Ben Blake Mohsiny and Almgarizy says he does not know in the land of Islam any Temple simulates the Muslim mosque with its dome • The area of the mosque approximately 7906m2 with 150 m Length and 68 m width and 37.70 m high • the mosque has two minarets the old one height of 81.60 m and the other which destroyed in 1659Ac and renewed by Ottoman Minister Ibrahim Pasha in 1671 and it was planned to establish four minarets but the third fall, and did not begin building the fourth
The first thing front the entrance of the mosque, made of mosaic forms of Islamic geometric followed by a long corridor leading to the mosque court with a very good and beauty design • The court almost square in shape with a length of 34.60 meters, which is paved with marble. At the center is Maidaah topped by a wooden dome of eight marble columns and the dome did not exist one hundred and fifty years ago
تطــــــور المسجد في العمارة الإسلامية
Center courtyard with the fountain covered with a large dome
The Dome and lanterns in the courtyard of Sultan Hassan mosque
Mosque consists of open Court surrounded by four Iwans and designed on the basis of cruciferous planning, including four schools • attached with four small mosques of the great design surround the main mosque and the largest school is the Hanafiyah , • each of which consists of Iwan and court centred by maidaah and covered with vaults • the wide iwan located in the Qibla direction and has mihrab, mimber pulpit and the chair. And the grave is located behind the wall • the four schools surround the courtyard, and the largest of which is the Qibla Iwan framed of the highest reading Surat Al-Fateh with Kufic script the entrance 19.20 m height and 28 m depth centered with marble Dekka Al-mablagh and there was a large mihrab covered with coloured marble and colorful local leafy decorations interspersed with clusters of grapes, and adjacent to the mihrab, a marble pulpit with copper doo
جامع الرفاعي على اليمين وجامع السلطان حسن على اليسار
Qibla Iwan decorated with kofic script tape on the floor of flourishing plant • The mosque Signs of beauty and magnificence of the mihrab, with medals stares color marble mosaics, and beset by four marble columns, and his right the pulpit of white marble. • the mihrab has two doors leads to the dome behind and is connected to the mihrab, with two minaret on the corners decorated with gold and copper with the name of Sultan Hassan and the other lost decoration dome is square 21 m length of each side and 48 m high
