1 / 22

Sanitary TAWM Toilets and the Humanure Composting System

Sanitary TAWM Toilets and the Humanure Composting System. By T anya, A licia, W afa, & M arina. 88% cook over open fire. 85.7% rely on Paraffin Wax Candles for lighting. 48% get drinking water from boreholes. Malawi. 84.7% reside in rural areas. Population: 13,077,160

zia
Download Presentation

Sanitary TAWM Toilets and the Humanure Composting System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Sanitary TAWM Toilets and the Humanure Composting System By Tanya, Alicia, Wafa, & Marina

  2. 88% cook over open fire 85.7% rely on Paraffin Wax Candles for lighting 48% get drinking water from boreholes Malawi 84.7% reside in rural areas

  3. Population: 13,077,160 Median Age: 17

  4. Majority of homes are made out of: grass, mud, twigs, and other raw materials.

  5. main industry is agriculture (tobacco, tea, coffee, sugar)

  6. 69% of adults are uneducated 39% below the poverty line

  7. Toilet Facilities 82.1% use a traditional pit-latrine 11.7% have no access to toilet facilities

  8. Scenario: SiyaniLikaka • 37years old • father of three • farmer earning $2 a day • owns 3 acres of poor quality soil

  9. Scenario: Jermaine • 13 years old • helps father with farming business • does not like TAWM toilet idea • “down-grading” • smelly

  10. Scenario: Ma • 16 years old • has three younger brothers • shares pit-latrine toilet facilities with four other families • has contracted several urinary tract infections

  11. These three citizens and their families would be perfect candidates for Sanitary TAWM Toilets.

  12. Materials for TAWM Toilets • Wood: main component of toilet • Hay: dry, coarse cover material • Sawdust: other cover material • Clay/wooden bowl: to scoop sawdust onto waste • Plastic buckets beneath toilet • Cotton: creates toilet “seat”

  13. Design

  14. Compost Storage

  15. Compost Requirements • Moisture • depends on the materials and location • Oxygen • cultivating aerobic bacteria ensures thermophilic decomposition • doesn’t smell • Temperature • 70°C (158°F) • Balanced diet • Blend of carbon-nitrogen balance materials • Carbon – weeds, hay, straw, leaves, and garbage • Nitrogen – manure

  16. 4 Stages of Composting Bins • MesophilicPhase • Mesophilic bacteria proliferate, raising temperatures to 44°C (111°F) • ThermophilicPhase • 70°C (158°F) Cooling Phase Mesophilicbacteria migrate back and digest more • CuringPhase • A long curing period (e.g., a year after the thermophilic stage) adds a safety net for pathogen destruction

  17. External Materials • Saws • Hammer • Nails • Glue

  18. Advantages Low environmental costs No electricity/water Agricultural purposes Education Jobs

  19. Limitations • Information on Community • Culturally Acceptable • Safety Issues • Cost

  20. Thank You

More Related