Green ICT activities of TTC & ITU-T toward low-carbon society

1. Green ICT activities of TTC & ITU-T toward low-carbon society Yoh SOMEMURA The Telecommunication Technology Committee(TTC) as Prime PSO for ICT & Environment Global Standards Collaboration (GSC) GSC-15

2. Maximization towards Sustainable Society Minimization towards Sustainable ICT Sector Relationship between ICT & Environment Environmental Impact caused by ICT Environmental Impact reduction achieved by using ICT services Green of ICT Green by ICT Negative environmental impacts Positive environmental impacts • Dematerialization (digitization of information) • Reduction of movement and transportation • Making industry and lives efficient • Enhancing environmental awareness and environmental education • Environmental sensors and environmental monitoring • Consumption of energy • Consumption of natural resources • Generation of waste Must quantify both environmental impacts.

3. CO2 reduction of all sectorsby using ICTs All Other Sectors All Other Sectors 30 30 by ICTs 20 20 CO2 emissions (Bt-CO2) CO2 emissions (Bt-CO2) Reductions 10 10 of ICTs ICT Sector ICT Sector Year Year Energy consumption (CO2 emissions) reduction through the use of ICTs is defined as follows. Energy consumption reduction Reduction effect of energy consumption by utilizing ICTs Energy consumption through the use of ICTs ＝ -

4. Structure of Study Group 5 (SG5) (Study Period: May 2009 ~ 2012) SG5: Environment and Climate Change WP1: Damage prevention and safety  WP2: Electromagnetic fields: emission, immunity and human exposure  WP3: ICT and Climate Change Chair: Keith Dickerson (UK) Vice Chair: Eunsook Kim (Korea) and Takeshi Origuchi (Japan) Q17: Coordination and Planning of ICT&CC related standardization Q18: Methodology of environmental impact assessment of ICT Q19: Power feeding systems Q20: Data collection for Energy Efficiency for ICTs over the lifecycle Q21: Environmental protection and recycling of ICT equipments/facilities

5. Question 18/5: Methodology of Environmental Impact Assessment of ICT (1) L.methodology_general umbrella Overview and general principles of methodologies Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT goods and services (2) L.methodology_ICT goods and services Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT projects (3) L.methodology_ICT projects Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT in organizations (4) L.methodology_ICT in organizations Methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT sector in countries (5) L.methodology_ICT sector in countries The purpose of this Question is to develop Recommendations on methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT and on collecting and calculating reliable data for the assessment model. Following work items for series Recommendations are running in SG5 for methodologies:

6. Strategic Collaborative Direction in GSC (proposed) • Encourage PSOs • to contribute to ITU-T initiatives on ICT and climate change • to standardize energy-saving ICT systems and methodologies for analyzing, evaluating, and quantifying GHG reductions that may be achieved through ICT use • to actively participate in standardization work in WP3/SG5 • to produce recommendations on ICTs and climate change

7. Next Steps/Actions of TTC in Support of ITU-T Initiatives • At a WP3/SG5 meeting of ITU-T, TTC members will actively contribute to discussions on standardizing a methodology for evaluating the energy-saving impact of ICT services in collaboration with other PSOs. • Future TTC Contribution • Propose a methodology and power feeding, etc. • Support management and operation of WP3/SG5. • Liaise with other related organizations.

8. Summary International standardization on Environmental technologies for telecommunication, in particular to ICT and climate change is now underway in ITU-T. We need to reduce environmental loads of ICT equipment and ICT sector, and we also expect that ICT can reduce environmental loads, particularly GHG emissions, in other relevant sectors. For this purpose, prompt standardizations on objective and transparent methodology of ICT environmental impact assessment are required.

9. Proposed Resolution • Proposed modifications to an existing Resolution * * (GSC14) “RESOLUTION GSC-14/08: (Plenary) ICT and the Environment (Revised),” GSC14-CL-015R2 (16 July 2009) • Current Activities • Universal power adapter (ITU-T, IEC, IEEE) • Power feeding system using HVDC • Smart Grid & Cloud Computing (SDOs/Fora including ITU-T) • Intelligent Transport System (ITU-T) • Encourage PSOs • to collaborate with “Smart grids” and “Cloud Computing”as HISs of GSC

10. Supplementary Slides

11. Maker Direct from manufacturer (.e.g., computer) Example of effective online shopping No product distribution No product distribution No product distribution Wholesale Retail Consumer No movement of people through comparing/purchasing products No movement of people through product return/negotiation No movement of people through product return/negotiation Reduce movement of consumers Decrease unnecessary production Reduce retail sales Reduce intermediate distribution Effect of reducing energy consumption based on using ICT Green by ICT

12. Methodology “The energy consumption reduction effect by utilizing ICTs” and “the energy consumption through the use of ICTs.” ■ The energy consumption (CO2 emissions) reduction effect by utilizing ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the consumption of goods/services by utilizing ICTs can be identified. Impact of consumption of goods/services on the environment Unit energy consumption when one unit of goods/ services is consumed Energy consumption reduction effect ＝ × ■ The energy consumption (CO2 emissions) through the use of ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the amount used by the device/network (NW) can be identified. Amount used by device/NW used Unit energy consumption when one unit of device/NW is used Energy consumption ＝ ×

13. Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Consumption Reduction Effect by Utilizing ICT (1) Consumption of goods (Paper, CDs, DVDs, etc.) Energy reduction = (Energy consumption to produce one unit of the product) × (Amount reduced) E.g., Reduction of paper: (Energy to produce paper (A4 size, 1 sheet) (J)) × (Quantity reduced (Sheets))  (2) Movement of goods (mail, trucks, rail cargo, cargo ships, etc.) Energy reduction = (Unit energy consumption for each transportation means (J))  (Transportation distance reduced (km)) E.g., Reduction of the number of mails: (Energy consumption per mail (J))  (Number of mails reduced (mail)) E.g., Reduction of truck transportation: (Energy consumption per ton-km (J))  (Transportation distance reduced (km))  (Cargo weight reduced (t))

14. Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Consumption through the Use of ICTs (1) ICT device Energy consumption = (Unit energy consumption for each type of device) × (Amount used) E.g., Production of devices for Video conferences: (Energy consumption to produce one device (J)) × (Number of units used) Use of devices for Video conferences: (Electric power to use one device (kW)) × (Time of use (h)) × (Number of units used)] (2) Network use Energy consumption = (Energy consumption per amount of use) × (Amount used) E.g., Use of networks: (Apportioned [allocated] energy consumption per line (J)) × (Number of lines used)]

15. Example of Trial Calculation(Video Conference) Case 1 Case 2 Video conference held between Tokyo and Yokohama, once a week (48 times / year), one hour each time, participated in by two people from each office Video conference held between Tokyo and Yokohama, every working day (240 times / year), eight hours each time, participated in by two people from each office The figure in ( ) is based on only the “use” stage. The figure in ( ) is based on only the “use” stage. Reduction of 52% (59%) Reduction of 53% (91%) Conference with travel Conference with travel

16. Universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile terminals and other ICT devices (Question 21/5)[on WP3/5 in ITU-T SG5] 22 August, 2014 First Recommendation in WP3/5 (L.1000) Statement: Planning to extend to apply not only mobile phone but also ICT devices 16

17. Approach for reducing power consumption based on DC power supply - HVDC does not require as many power conversion steps with high system effectiveness. - HVDC lowers drain and reduces facility cost. Alternating current (AC) Direct current (48-V type) 4 power conversion steps 2 power conversion steps 1 1 2 3 2 4 CPU CPU AC/ DC DC/ AC AC/ DC DC/ DC AC/ DC DC/ DC 100 V AC to 200 V AC 48 V DC ICT equipment ICT equipment Battery Battery -Higher efficiency (fewer conversion stage) -Higher reliability (battery direct connecting) • Thinner cables • Improved installationflexibility Higher-voltage direct current (HVDC) ICT equipment Rectifier 1 2 CPU AC/ DC DC/ DC Approx. 400 V DC 15% reduction Battery 2 power conversion steps

18. Thank you for your Attention