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Lecture 1 6 aims :

MBS0215/0225/0235 Academic Writing and Research Skills for Business Lecture 1 6 : Reflection on Learning – Reflective models. Lecture 1 6 aims :. Assessment 3 Review Using Frameworks in your reflective writing Schon’s model (1983) Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle (1984)

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Lecture 1 6 aims :

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  1. MBS0215/0225/0235AcademicWritingandResearchSkillsfor BusinessLecture 16: Reflection on Learning – Reflective models

  2. Lecture 16aims: • Assessment 3 Review • Using Frameworks in your reflective writing • Schon’s model (1983) • Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle (1984) • Gibb’s Reflective Cycle (1988) • Rolfe’s framework for reflective practice (2001) • Linking theory to practice MBS0215

  3. Assessment 3 review • Find the assignment brief on the Unihubmoodle page, and remind yourself of the task MBS0215

  4. Recommended reading for assessment 3 Bassot, B. (2016) The reflective practice guide: an interdisciplinary approach to critical reflection. Oxon: Routledge. Williams, K., Woolliams, M., and Spiro, J. (2012) Reflective Writing. London: Palgrave Macmillan. MBS0215

  5. Frameworks Choosing the right framework for your reflective essay, can help you analyse the learning points from an experience by using a systematic approach (Williams, Wooliams, and Spiro, 2012). In assessment 3, you are expected to mention which framework you will base your reflection on, and justify your choice (in the introduction). MBS0215

  6. Schon’s model (1983) • It supports the continuous process of reflection. • It provides links to all parts of the experience. • It shows how the perspective can change through the process of reflection. • What could be the advantages of using this framework? Any drawbacks? (Schon, 1983) MBS0215

  7. Kolb’s experiential learning cycle (1984) • In pairs, can you identify the main differences between the Schon’s model and Kolb’s cycle? (Kolb, 1984) MBS0215

  8. Why do you think Gibb’s added Feelings to the reflective process? Discuss in pairs. The Gibb’s Reflective Cycle (1988) MBS0215

  9. Rolfe’s framework for reflective practice (2001) 1. What? Keep this short! Give the reader just enough context to understand what comes next. Outline the situation. Consider what you include: actions, consequences, responses, feelings and problems. 2. So what? The most substantial part of your work. Make the link between your personal experience and the knowledge and experience of others. Discuss what you have learnt Examine what you have learnt about yourself … relationships … others … attitudes … practice … understanding Show why it is important. 3. Now what? A short section – next steps or action plan Identify the implications What impact could these ideas have on your practice? Or thinking? What do you need to do to improve future outcomes? • Think of a recent significant event. Tell your partner about it following the Rolfe’s framework. (Rolfe, 2001) MBS0215

  10. Linking theory and practice • Research the academic literature Just like with other academic assignments, you are expected to explore relevant academic sources. You should find out what experts have said about the issues your are discussing, and what alternative practice they suggest. The purpose is to show that you can see the link between theories, ideas and approaches you read about, and their relevance to your personal experience. Adapted from: https://www.yorksj.ac.uk/media/content-assets/student-services/documents/Reflective-writing.pdf (Accessed: 25/09/18) MBS0215

  11. Use the academic literature to reflect on your experience Whichever comes first for you – reading or experience – the point is that you show that you have reflected on how the two connect. • discuss the implications of what you have read for what you do and how you think • explain the events through models, theories and research findings. Consider: • The different perspectives and theories you can compare and contrast. • Discrepancies between your experience and existing literature. • What the literature recommends, and design an action plan accordingly. Adapted from: https://www.yorksj.ac.uk/media/content-assets/student-services/documents/Reflective-writing.pdf (Accessed: 25/09/18) MBS0215

  12. Read the two examples of reflective writing on your worksheet. • Which paragraph incorporates sources better, A or B? Why? A> The first group of interviewees that I targeted comprised of government officials and the second comprised of a group people living in slums. The elite interviews were generally semi-structured in nature and were based on open- and closed-ended questions. Scholars such as Harvey (2011) have noted that this is the best approach for elite interviews because it allows flexibility and hence, maximises response rates. Notably, scholars such as Aberbach and Rockman (2002), Hoffmann-Lange (1987) as well as Zuckerman (1972) have also shown that elites prefer to engage with open-ended questions so that they can articulate their views coherently. During my interviews with elite groups, I did not always draft formal questions, but I made sure that I was familiar with the topic so that I could comfortably develop a natural rapport with the respondents. MBS0215

  13. Final tips on how to incorporate sources to your writing effectively • Choose theory that is relevant to the issue you are reflecting on (e.g. team work theory when reflecting on team work) • Be clear about what information comes from a source, and what information is part of your experience. Just including a citation in your paragraph is not enough. • Show your understanding of the information by clearly integrating it into your reflection. The links between the source and your experience should be clear. • Avoid long quotes; consider what information is relevant for you, and summarise/ paraphrase your source appropriately. MBS0215

  14. References Gibbs, G. (1988)Learning by Doing. A Guide to Teaching and Learning Methods. Oxford: Further EducationUnit, Oxford Polytechnic. Kolb, D. (1984)Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Rolfe, G., Freshwater, D. and Jasper M. (2001) Critical Reflection for nursing and the helping professions: a user’s guide. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Schon, D. (1983) The reflective practitioner: how professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books. Willliams, K., Woolliams, M., and Spiro, J. (2012) Reflective Writing. London: Palgrave Macmillan. York St. John University. Student Services Factsheet: Reflective Writing. Available from: https://www.yorksj.ac.uk/media/content-assets/student-services/documents/Reflective-writing.pdf (Accessed: 25/09/18) Suggestion: Read these books as sources for your reflective essay MBS0215

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