Figures of Speech OR Metaphorical Language

1. Figures of Speech ORMetaphorical Language English 1302 Page 760

2. A Metaphor • Shows that something unknown is identical to something known. • Are inseparable from language.

3. A Simile • Shows that something unknown is similar to something known. • Shows a likeness or resemblance.

4. Characteristics Image and Imagery • Stimulate the imagination. • Recall memories of sights, sounds, tastes, smells, sensations or touch, and motions. • Go beyond literary imagery. • Introduces perceptions and comparisons.

5. Examples • Keats – page 762

6. A Paradox • Uses an apparent error or contradiction t reveal truth. • “A thought beyond a thought”

7. Anaphora • To carry again or repeat. • Provides weight and emphasis through repetition. Examples: • Keats/page 765

8. Personification • Attribution of human traits to abstractions or to nonhuman objects.

9. Synecdoche and Metonymy • Transfer meanings by parts and associations. Synecdodoche • “taking one thing out of another” • “all hands aboard!” Metonymy • Transfer of name • “Hollywood” used to mean the movie industry • “The White House” signifying politics and activities of the President.

10. Pun or Paronomasia • Words with similar or identical sounds have different meanings. Pun • A point or a puncture Paronomasia • Something alongside a name. • Example • Gay/page 767

11. Synesthesia • Demonstrates oneness or unity of feelings. Example • Keats / Chapter 18 – “Ode to a Nightengale”

12. Overstatement and Understatement Overstatement (hyperbole) • Overreacher • Exaggeration for effect Example • Wordsworth declares England “is a fen/Of stagnant waters. Understatement • Deliberate underplay or undervaluing of a thing. Example • Marvell’s “To His Coy Mistress” (Chapter 19)

13. Let’s Read! • Burns 770; • Donne 771; • Hardy 775; • Keats 778.