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Virtue Ethics

Virtue Ethics. Aristotle. Courage. Courage. Mean state. Courage. Mean state Function. Courage. Mean state Function “Appropriate fear”. Courage. Mean state Function “Appropriate fear” Danger. Courage. Mean state Function “Appropriate fear” Danger Noble act. Just war theory.

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Virtue Ethics

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  1. Virtue Ethics Aristotle

  2. Courage

  3. Courage • Mean state

  4. Courage • Mean state • Function

  5. Courage • Mean state • Function • “Appropriate fear”

  6. Courage • Mean state • Function • “Appropriate fear” • Danger

  7. Courage • Mean state • Function • “Appropriate fear” • Danger • Noble act

  8. Just war theory

  9. A D

  10. A D

  11. A D

  12. Attack A D

  13. Attack A D Self Defense

  14. “Appropriate fear” “Appropriate fear” Attack A D Self Defense

  15. Aristotle: only the defender is brave “Appropriate fear” “Appropriate fear” Attack A D Self Defense

  16. Sen. John Kerry Sen. John Kerry's speech accepting the presidential nomination of the Democratic Party at the Democratic National Convention. Boston, Mass. 2004 KERRY: I'm John Kerry, and I'm reporting for duty. (APPLAUSE) We are here tonight because we love our country. We're proud of what America is and what it can become. My fellow Americans, we're here tonight united in one purpose: to make America stronger at home and respected in the world.

  17. Sen. John Kerry • “...In our opinion, and from our experience, there is nothing in South Vietnam, nothing which could happen that realistically threatens the United States of America. And to attempt to justify the loss of one American life in Vietnam, Cambodia, or Laos by linking such loss to the preservation of freedom, which those misfits supposedly abuse, is to us the height of criminal hypocrisy, and it is that kind of hypocrisy which we feel has torn this country apart....” TESTIMONY BEFORE THE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE, APRIL 22, 1971

  18. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war.

  19. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war. Obj. 1: Asks too much of the soldier

  20. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war. Obj. 1 : Asks too much of the soldier Reply: bravery is a moral character trait

  21. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war. Obj. 2: Too messy; can’t know who attacker is.

  22. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war. Obj. 2: Too messy; can’t know who attacker is. Reply: Messy situations require morality

  23. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war. Obj. 2: Too messy; can’t know who attacker is. Reply: Messy situations require morality Reply: Many cases are clear. Germany 1939

  24. A soldier cannot be brave in an unjust war. Obj. 2: Too messy; can’t know who attacker is. Reply: Messy situations require morality Reply: Many cases are clear. Germany 1939 Case study: Bush, “preemptive self defense”

  25. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions

  26. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions • (a) Knowledge

  27. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions • (a) Knowledge • Rules out children, animals

  28. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions • (a) Knowledge • Rules out children, animals • (b) Voluntary act

  29. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions • (a) Knowledge • Rules out children, animals • (b) Voluntary act • Harry Farr

  30. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions • (a) Knowledge • Rules out children, animals • (b) Voluntary act • Harry Farr • (c) Repetition

  31. Brave act v. brave person • Three conditions • (a) Knowledge • Rules out children, animals • (b) Voluntary act • Harry Farr • (c) Repetition • Karen Fitzpatrick

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