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7.2 – 7.3

7.2 – 7.3. Nat geo caves. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgUFb_l4DLE. IONIC BONDS. Although they are composed of ions, the compounds are electrically neutral. Held together by the opposing charges of the ions, because opposites attract!. Exampley time w/ Sodium & Chlorine. Remember!!! :

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7.2 – 7.3

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  1. 7.2 – 7.3

  2. Nat geo caves • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgUFb_l4DLE

  3. IONIC BONDS • Although they are composed of ions, the compounds are electrically neutral. • Held together by the opposing charges of the ions, because opposites attract!

  4. Exampley time w/ Sodium & Chlorine • Remember!!!: • They are both electrically neutral: • they don’t have a positive electric charge or negative electric charge. • They have more electrons than the picture shows. • Lewis diagrams only show the valence electrons. • Really, Na has 11 TOTAL e- while Cl has 17 TOTAL e-. Cl Na If I just had 1 less e-, I would totally have an OCTET. If I just had 1 MORE e-, I would totally have an OCTET.

  5. Exampley time w/ Sodium & Chlorine Cl Na “It would be a shame if someone just stole this here electron while I was looking away...” “Don’t mind if I do, Sodium. Yoink.”

  6. Exampley time w/ Sodium & Chloride Na (+) Na (+) Cl (-) Na Cl (0)

  7. Exampley time w/ Sodium Chloride Na Cl

  8. Characteristics of ionic bonds • Most are *crystalline solids at room temperature • *(i.e. they look like crystals and are solids) • When these are molten or dissolved in water, they conduct electricity very well. • These are, unfortunately not as strong as metallic bonds.

  9. FORMULA UNITS • When we have a chemical formula, the number in front of an element or compound is called a formula unit. • These are always whole numbers that are at least 1. • EXAMPLE: Formula Units for Each are 1 NaCl Chemical Formula for Sodium Chloride

  10. Ca(SO4) • A Calcium Ion [Ca2+] and a Sulfate Ion [SO42-] make the ionic crystalline solid known as gypsum. These are some of the largest crystals in the world.

  11. METALLIC BONDS • Metals are arranged in compact and orderly patterns. • These patterns look sort of like ionic bonds, but are different. • Instead of alternating ions, there are only metal cations surrounded by a sea of “disloyal” electrons. • The electron-cation bond is what holds together metals. • It allows for great electrical conductivity, ductility, and malleability.

  12. Stress on metal & ionic bonds • A force applied to a metal crystal can cause the cations to move past one another quite easily. Metal has some give. • A force applied to an ionic crystal can cause the ions to repel from one another. This causes the crystal to shatter.

  13. How it’s made • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5R6Zvp3DEh0

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