Hero

1. Hero • What is a hero? • **Do you have a hero? • *What are the characteristics that a hero is suppose to have?

2. Harriet Tubman: A Guide to Freedom A narrative essay tells the story of real events, people, and places. These essays are nonfiction, not short stories.

3. 10 Significant Characteristics of a Hero • Bravery • Courage • Determination • Dedication • Endurance • Perseverance • Sacrifice • Humility • Valor • Selflessness

4. 10 Significant Characteristics of a Hero • Bravery: "You can't be brave if you've had only wonderful things happen to you." ~ Mary Tyler More: This is the most important characteristic of a hero. You have to be brave to stand up and fight. • Courage: "Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts" ~ Winston Churchill: You need the courage to fight a situation no matter how bad it is. Heroes have the fear of losing but they also have the courage to drive away that fear.

5. Determination: "The difference between the impossible and possible lies in a man's determination." ~ Tommy Lasorda: When you have the determination to fight something, no matter how weak you are, you will win. • Dedication: "The only tyrant I accept in this world is the 'still small voice' within me." ~ Mahatma Gandhi: Dedication in a task pays off eventually.

6. Endurance: "Don't pray for lighter burdens, but for stronger backs." ~ Unknown: If you are strong enough to face failure, nothing can stop you from achieving your goal. • Perseverance: "When you come to the end of your rope, tie a knot and hang on." ~ Franklin D. Roosevelt: When you are persistent, you are bound to be victorious eventually.

7. Sacrifice: "Those things that are precious are saved only by sacrifice." ~ David Kenyon Webster: It is very difficult to make sacrifices but a true hero sacrifices without hesitating. • Humility: "To become truly great, one has to stand with the people, not above them." ~ Charles de Montesquieu. You shouldn't have airs about yourself but be down to earth and humble.

8. Valor: "Where life is more terrible than death, it is then the truest valor to dare to live." ~ Thomas Brown Sr.: To be bold enough to stand against the wrong when no one can show true heroism. • Selflessness: "Without selfless service, no one ever receives the fruits of their rewards." ~ Sahib: You have to be selfless in your life to be remembered as a hero.

9. Slave States Vs. Free States • In 1850, the United States had acquired new territory in the west. To help in determining the ideal of slavery in the new territory, Congress passed the Compromise of 1850. The Compromise of 1850

11. Underground Railroad • Fugitive Slave Act • Murmur: whisper soft noise • Astonishment: surprise • Instill: to gradually • Introduce an idea or behavior in someone • Dispel: get rid of, stop • Refuse: say no to, turn down • Quaker

12. Vocabulary • fugitives—people fleeing from danger • The escaping slaves were fugitives from the law. • (p.441) The posters offering rewards for the fugitives could not be printed until Monday.

13. incentives • Something that makes a person act • The extra pay was an incentive to work more than forty hours a week. • (p.442) She had told them about the place where they would stay, promising warmth and good food, holding these things out to them as an incentive to keep going.

14. disheveled • Untidy; messy • The man in his wrinkled clothes looked disheveled. • (p. 442) The man who stood in the doorway looked at her coldly, looked with unconcealed astonishment and fear at the eleven disheveled runaways who were standing near her.

15. mutinous • Rebellious • After the captain refused to pay them their share, the mutinous sailors took charge of the ship. • (445) She waited for the moment when one of them would turn mutinous.

16. fastidious • Not easy to please; very critical of anything crude or coarse • Not as fastidious as Mom, Dad tolerated my ripped jeans. • (p448)

17. Why did Harriett Tubman depart with her fugitives on Saturday nights? • "A whole day was lost before the machinery of pursuit could be set in motion.“

18. How did the "German farmer" keep Tubman's eleven fugitives safe? • He had a secret wall that actually swung open.

19. In order to "instill courage" in her runaways, Harriet had to . . . • lie about Canada and paint "wondrous word pictures of what it would be like."

20. Why did Harriet need to tell her fugitives the story of William and Ellen Craft who escaped from Macon, Georgia, to Boston? • She sensed that everyone was moving "slower and slower" and that soon one would turn "mutinous."

21. Who was Frederick Douglass? • The most famous of the escaped slaves."

22. What did the slaves receive when they reached Thomas Garrett’s house? • Thomas Garrett gave them all new shoes, and provided carriages to take them on to the next step.

23. What was the most brazen way Harriet kept her fugitives focused on freedom? • By pointing a gun at them, saying, "Go on with us or die"

24. What did William Still bravely do for fugitives when they reached Philadelphia? • He recorded names, plantations, and brief stories of their lives before they continued on the Underground Railroad.

25. Why did Harriet often "suddenly fall asleep in the woods"? • Being hit with a heavy metal object as a child, she suffered from "powerful visions and dream activity" all her life.

26. How did Tubman continue to provided for and protect her fugitives even after they reached Canada? • She rented a small house and allowed them to "board with her."

27. What slogan did Harriet Tubman use when she knocked on the door of the safe house? • A friend with friends