Chapter 4 & 5: GIS Database & Ve ctor Analysis

1. Chapter 4 & 5: GIS Database & Vector Analysis

2. Chapter Four: GIS Database

3. What is GIS database? Clicking on a building, the detailed information are shown in the pop-up table Records (formed by rows and columns) Descriptive information about the geographical features A spatial feature consists of a unique record in the database; each distinct feature is defined by unique ID Source: www.onemap.sg

4. Working with Tables – Data Type • Field & Data Type • Different fields will store different kind of values • Choice of field type to match with type of data Text/String Date Double Text/String Short Hyperlink

5. Geospatial data (textual & geometry) • Attribute Data • Spatial Data • GIS manages both spatial & attribute data e.g. Building Spatial Attributes

6. Geo-Brain Tickler 6: Which is the common field you can link table 1 and table 2? Table 1 BranchRef StaffNum Postcode Manager Table 2 Branch Locations ***Multiple tables can be linked together based on their common keys. Table 1 and table 2 both consists of field named BranchRef. After linking/joining both tables, you would be able to find out which staffs managed by respective branch manager when clicking on the branch location on the map. Ans: BranchRef

7. Geo-Brain Tickler 7: 1 table 3 tables 2 tables None of the above answers ***It is not possible to store different geometries within a table. In this scenario, buildings layer has its own table, so as other layers. Ans: 3 tables How many tables you need to design if you have 3 layers (i.e Building footprints , Roads, Landlots) represented in different form of geometries?

8. Chapter Five: Vector Analysis Proximity Analysis, Route Planning

9. Data Analysis – Vector Data In reality, we deal with geographical features everyday. Right at the moment you wake up in the morning, you start to plan your schedule of the day. You might think of going from location A to B, then from B to C to D; what mode of transportation you will use to reach the destinations; what is the estimated duration to reach the destination and so on... GIS helps you to answer these sort of questions more efficiently and visually. • To answer the geographical-related questions, you can utilise GIS to analyse either single geographical layer or multiple layers. Firstly, you need to understand the Spatial Relationships formed within geographical layers.

10. Spatial Relationship You can store many geographical layers within GIS system; different thematic layers; both vector and raster data. Each geographical layer has a unique relationship formed with other layers. Example: Roads connects from east to west, shopping mall 1 locates next to post office, buildings are located within particular town boundary etc. How GIS maps geographical entities in real world? Source: www.esri.com

11. Satellite Imagery Transportation Data Health Data Demographic Data Business Data Property Data Weather Data Terrain Data You can integrate many thematic data into GIS Geographical Information System (GIS)

12. You can use GIS to: • Find the high density area of residential housing • Locate potential area to set up new childcare centre • How accessible the public transportation system in that specific area (i.e MRT, bus)

13. One of the most basic questions asked of a GIS is "what's near what?" How close is this well to a landfill? Do any roads pass within 1,000 meters of a stream? What is the distance between two locations? What is the nearest or farthest feature from something? What is the distance between each feature in a layer and the features in another layer? What is the shortest street network route from some location to another? How many childcare centres that are located within 1 km from my flat? Where are the clinics, hospitals, polyclinics or 24 hrs emergency clinics from my house? Where is the nearest shopping malls from my office?

14. Proximity Analysis (Buffer) Source: www.onemap.sg School Query service • Create a circular region around the selected point for proximity analysis • Search within feature or search nearby feature • Select feature from another layer Find buildings near to selected primary school Find schools near to a selected building

15. Route Planning Using GIS http://www.esri.com/~/media/Files/Pdfs/library/newsletters/transportation-gis-trends/summer-2012.pdf For more reading: Transportation professionals the world over have discovered and embraced GIS as an important tool in managing, planning, evaluating, and maintaining transportation systems.

16. Examples: Road Network Analysis What is the quickest way to get from Point A to point B? Which ambulances or patrol cars can respond quickest to an incident? What market areas does a business cover? What are live or historical traffic conditions like, and how do they affect my network analysis result? Source: www.esri.com

17. Using GIS to locate customer catchmentAMK Hub & NEX (5, 10 , 15 minutes service area)

18. Geo-Brain Tickler 8: Can you get your route planned via OneMap (www.onemap.sg)? Which service on OneMap you will be using if you would like to find out the list of service bus passes through particular roads? Answer: BusRoute Explorer

19. Geo-Brain Tickler 9: Answer: Get Directions (*you can choose mode of transportation: drive, bus or combination of Bus & MRT) A tourist would like to plan his/her daily tour visiting Singapore places of interest via public transportation mode, which service on OneMap you would suggest he/she to refer to?

20. Geo-Brain Tickler 10: Using OneMap, generate the cheapest route of taking bus from Esplanade to Asian Civilisations Museum. *set 500 m for allowable walking distance. Q1: How much is the cheapest bus fare? Q2: Few solutions are proposed, which solution provides the cheapest and the fastest route to reach Asian Civilisations Museum?

21. Geo-Brain Tickler 10: Answer Q1: How much is the cheapest bus fare? S$0.73 Q2: Few solutions are proposed, which solution provides the cheapest and the fastest route to reach Asian Civilisations Museum? Solution 1: Total travel and wait/walk time = appx 13 minutes