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GROUP D PRESENTS

Characters. Script. Title. Director. Settings. Producer. GROUP D PRESENTS. Cell Stiffness: Next Gen Biomarker for Disease?. Action. Cells. Discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. Basic structural, functional and biological unit of living organism.

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GROUP D PRESENTS

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  1. Characters Script Title Director Settings Producer GROUP DPRESENTS

  2. Cell Stiffness: Next Gen Biomarker for Disease?

  3. Action

  4. Cells • Discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. • Basic structural, functional and biological unit of living organism. • Smallest unit of life that can replicate. • Building blocks of life.

  5. Types of Cell

  6. Cell Organelles

  7. Human Body: Multiscale Biomaterial System Cell is the basic unit of life. Muscle cells Bone cells Epithelial cells Neurons Cells Tissues  Organs Human Body

  8. Cytoskeleton of Cell Functions Intracellular Transport Cellular Division

  9. Components Of Cytoskeleton • Microfilament Acts as tracks of myosin that helps in muscle movement. • Intermediate Filament Maintains cell shape by bearing tension Anchors cell organelles • Microtubules Intracellular transport, mitotic spindle

  10. Normal Cell vs Cancer Cell Cancer Cell • Reproduction uncontrolled • Loss in ability to communicate • No ability of cell adhesion • Loss in ability of programmed death Normal Cell • Reproduction controlled • Communicate with other cells through chemical signals • Shows cell adhesion • Ability of self destruction

  11. WhatisDisease? • Abnormal conditions • Pathological conditions

  12. Methods of diseasediagnosis • Clinical diagnosis • Laboratory diagnosis • Radiology diagnosis • Principle diagnosis • Prenatal diagnosis • Biopsy

  13. Response….

  14. Response….

  15. WhatisCellStiffness?? • Capability of an object to resist deformation in response to applied force. • Caused by inhomogeneous distribution of cytoskeletal structure. • Fibroblast – 1 micron • Vascular smooth muscle cells >> 2 micron

  16. Examples…. • Red blood cell membrane stiffness is observed in malaria. • Invasive tumour cells mechanically soften. • Measurement of cancer cell stiffness have shown strong correlation between cell deformability and cell malignancy.

  17. How to Measure Cell Stiffness?? • Young’s Modulus – A parameter for cell stiffness measurement

  18. Atomic Force Microscopy

  19. The AFM in a Nutshell Atomic Force Microscopy probe indentation: simplest, easiest, most popular method.

  20. Summary… • The mechanical properties of cells may potentially be used in clinical diagnostics and even therapy of certain types of diseases. • Research is on…………………..

  21. Credits • http://www.chemistrydaily.com/chemistry/upload/thumb/9/9c/350px-Atomic_force_microscope_block_diagram.JPG • S. Suresh, J. Spatz, J.P. Mills, A. Micoulet, M. Dao, C.T. Lim, M. Beil, T. Seufferlein ActaBiomaterialia 1, 15–30, 2001 • G. Bao, S. Sureseh, Nature Materials, 2, 715, 2003 • http://www.mumbaimirror.com/others/sci-tech/Spotting-disease-by-gauging-cell-stiffness/articleshow/24283334.cms • A.B.Verkhovsky,T.M.Svitkina, and G.G. Borisy J. Cell Sci., 110: 1693-1704, 1997

  22. Thank You!

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