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The Big 5

The Big 5. The Founders of Sociology. August Comte (French) (1798-1857) Father of Sociology Humanity can be bettered through science and its application to society. Social Dynamics Scientific method Order and Change. The Founders of Sociology. Herbert Spencer (German) (1820 – 1903)

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The Big 5

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  1. The Big 5

  2. The Founders of Sociology • August Comte (French) (1798-1857) • Father of Sociology • Humanity can be bettered through science and its application to society. • Social Dynamics • Scientific method • Order and Change

  3. The Founders of Sociology • Herbert Spencer (German) (1820 – 1903) • Society is like living organism. • Social Darwinism

  4. The Founders of Sociology • Karl Marx ( 1818 – 1883) German • Basis of society is economic organization. • Divided society • Those who own means of production • Those who own their labor • Imbalance of power leads to conflict • Conflict leads to change

  5. The Founders of Sociology • Emile Durkheim (1858 – 1917) French • Apply methods of science to study society (stats) • Society as a system of functional parts • Social Integration (glue) • Values and beliefs • Your connection to society relates to your actions. • Suicide those more connected are less likely to kill themselves.

  6. The Founders of Sociology • Max Weber ( 1864 – 1920) • Groups within society • Did not believe economics was central force, but that it was religion instead. • Example: • Durkheimer and Marx would view a family as a structure – father, mother, children, each linked in certain physical or legal ways. • Weber would view the family as a set of actions – the action of living together and sharing activities. • Verstehen • Ideal Type • Work and ideas partnered with Durkheim

  7. Opening Question: • On a blank sheet of paper (that you will turn in today) • Which of the 5 philosophers do you think was most rational in his analysis of society? • What are three reasons for your choice?

  8. Different Perspectives • Functionalist • (Structural Functionalist) • Conflict Theory • Interactionist • (Symbolic Interactionist)

  9. Functionalism • View society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system. • Society is held together through consensus • Function: things that make positive contributions • Dysfunction: Things that make negative contributions

  10. Functionalism • Manifest function: Intended and recognized consequence of some element of society • Latent function: Unintended and unrecognizable consequence of an element of society

  11. Conflict Theory • Marx • Focuses on the forces that promote competition and change • How do those who possess more power in society exercise control over those with less power

  12. Conflict Theory • Competition over resources is the basis for all conflict • Change is inevitable

  13. Interactionist • Weber • Focus on how individuals interact with one another in society • Social Psychology • How do individuals respond in everyday situations • Looks at pieces of big picture

  14. Interactionist • Role of Symbols • Members agree on the meaning of symbols • Often called Symbolic Interactionist • Studies child development, relationships within groups, mate selection etc. • Popular within the U.S.

  15. Your task today: • You are to try to explain how each perspective would view and explain the following aspects of society. • They are given to you on your sheet. Answer as completely as possible.

  16. School • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  17. A Worker strike • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  18. Iraq War • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  19. Homelessness in America • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  20. Sporting events • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  21. Drug use • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  22. Religion • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  23. Gangs • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  24. Your idea here: _________ • What would Functionalism say? • What would Conflict theory say? • What would Interactionist say?

  25. Exit Question: • Which perspective seems like the most rational when viewing aspects of society? • What are three reasons for your choice? • Turn in your sheet with your questions before you leave!

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