BUILDING ENERGY STAR HOUSING

1. BUILDING ENERGY STAR HOUSING Paul Mohr Regional Environmental Officer 913-551-5818 paul.f.mohr@hud.gov HUD KANSAS CITY REGIONAL OFFICE

2. GREEN BEGINS WITH BLUE

3. First, a little context… 40% of greenhouse gas emissions come from buildings

4. ENERGY STAR By the end of this presentation you will know: • What it is • How it works • Why it works • How you can easily adopt it for your residential new construction projects

5. Did you know…? • 90% of the energy consumed by an incandescent light bulb is given off as heat, not as light • If every U.S. household replaces one incandescent light bulb with an Energy Star labeled bulb, the equivalent of 800,000 cars would be taken off the road in terms of greenhouse gas emissions

6. Energy Savings:The Best Economic Strategy Since 1970, energy efficiency has met 77% of new energy service demands in the U.S, … while new energy supplies have contributed only 23% of new energy service demands

7. Saving Energy…One Appliance at a Time The humble refrigerator

8. ENERGY STAR Sets Energy Performance Standards for: • Electronic equipment • Lighting & Appliances • Buildings Buildings can be labeled in a manner similar to products, just like appliances …and HUD CDBG & HOME funds can be used to help get you there

9. BUILDINGS ENERGY STAR IS A BUILDINGPERFORMANCE STANDARD • A system for achieving and verifying a certain level of performance with respect to energy efficiency Residential new construction (& gut rehab) - single and multifamily - up to3 stories • Performance certified by independent third-party contractors ENERGY STAR is not a new building code, or specification… and does not replace existing energy codes or building codes

10. ENERGY STAR BUILDING PERFORMANCE STANDARD BENEFITS: • Lower Utility Costs: Energy Star reduces costs as much as 30 – 40% per year to heat and power standard homes* These savings will increase as the cost of energy continues to rise • Increased Durability: • Eliminate water problems by controlling moisture • Increased Comfort: • Even temperature throughout home • Eliminate drafts • Increased Health: • Improved indoor air quality (e.g., mold, radon) * May be 15% cost savings when compared to recent Energy Codes (e.g., some State codes or the 2006 IECC).

11. ENERGY STAR Adds value

12. ENERGY STAR Uses tried & true technologies Many ways to meet the standard… • Bldg Envelope • Mechanical Equipment • Improved Insulation • Control flow of heat • Tight Construction • Control flow of air and moisture • Advanced Windows • Control flow of air, heat and moisture • High Efficiency HVAC • Tight Ducts • Right-Sized HVAC • Whole House Ventilation

13. Efficient Home Monthly Annual Utility Savings * $40 $480 Additional Mortgage Costs ** $15 $180 Cost Savings $25 $300 *Savings likely to increase, while mortgage remains fixed * *Based on $2,000 additional cost to house - ENERGY STAR NET SAVINGS Always cost effective Does it cost more?

14. ENERGY STAR Participation is Increasing

15. ENERGY STAR BUILDING PERFORMANCE STANDARD • An Energy Star home is at least 15% more energy efficient than a comparable home built to meet the 2004 IRC (International Residential Code) • The Energy Star standard is uniform throughout the United States • National infrastructure exists for implementation -“HERS” (Home Energy Rating System) contractors www.resnet.us/directory/raters.aspx MEC is used as the residential energy code in many states. Where the state energy code exceeds the ’93 MEC (e.g. California’s Title 24), the ENERGY STAR standard is expressed in reference to the state energy code rather than MEC. [I.E., ENERGY STAR building must be 15% better than that state code.]

16. ENERGY STAR BUILDING PERFORMANCE STANDARD How do we know this performance standard has been achieved in a particular building? An Energy Star Home/Building is defined as one which has been certified through inspection and testing as meeting the Energy Star Qualified New HomesStandard To achieve this rating, the building must score ≤ 85 on the HERS Scale

17. ENERGY STARHERSIndex • HERS Score = A numeric value between 0 and 100 (or higher) indicating the relative energy efficiency of a given home as compared to the HERS energy-efficient reference home • Current reference home meets the 2004 IRC and has a score of 100 • Lower the score, the more efficient the home • Each point represents a 1% change in efficiency – thus, an Energy StarHome that scores 85 is 15% more efficient than the reference home • Home with zero energy use would score 0

18. ENERGY STAR BUILDING HERS Certified Contractors What do the HERScontractors do? Plan Review - The home energy rater, using software, evaluates and measures the building’s plan and specifications for its energy characteristics, such as insulation levels, window efficiency, wall-to-window ratios, the heating and cooling system efficiency, the solar orientation of the home, and the water heating system

19. ENERGY STARHERS CERTIFIED CONTRACTORS What do the HERScontractors do? Inspection – During construction, and while the walls are still open, the home energy rater inspects the building for the correction installation of insulation Testing – Near the end of construction, diagnostic testing for building air leakage and ductwork leakage is performed

20. Third Party Inspection can prevent failures> Improperly installed insulation (uneven and compressed) Easily detected and prevented by HERS inspection Water penetration

21. How Insulation should be installed.

22. ENERGY STAR BUILDING PERFORMANCE STANDARD ROLES RESPONSIBLILTIES • Grantee / PJ • Developer/CDC • Builder/Contractor • HERS Contractor • Property owner • Occupant Adopts ES standard Reviews plans with HERS contractor (certified rater) Builds according to plans Inspects and tests building; evaluates energy efficiency Enjoys significantly reduced operating costs Enjoys improved comfort and healthier living environment

23. ENERGY STAR • The value of most design features (e.g. counters, finishes) will become obsolete, while … • The value of energy efficient features (e.g., comfort, health, durability higher resale value) increases over time

24. ENERGY STAR BUILDING PERFORMANCE STANDARD Incorporate the following language into your RFPs or procurement process for housing: “All new and gut rehab residential buildings up to three stories shall be designed to meet the standard for Energy Star Qualified New Homes(≤ 85 on the HERS Rating Scale). All procedures used for this rating shall comply with National Home Energy Rating System guidelines.” Yes, its that simple! No additional administrative burden. The developer/builder takes care of the rest.

25. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, KS HERS = 67 Habitat for Humanity

26. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, KS

27. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, KS HERS = 84

28. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, KS Duct Test Blower Door Test

29. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, KS HERS = 73

30. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Topeka, KS HERS = 75

31. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Springfield, MO HERS = 74

32. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, MO HERS = 61

33. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR - in Kansas City, MO HERS = 53 * LEED CERTIFIED *

34. BUILDING WITH ENERGY STAR – Greensburg, KS • 1st LEED “Platinum” residential housing development in Kansas • LEED – like Energy Star – takes a “whole building” approach • 2x6 exterior walls – low-flow plumbing fixtures – heat pumps – low-VOC paints – drought-resistant landscaping – E-Star appliances – CFLs… HERS = 64 Kansas Housing Resource Corp

35. ENERGY STAR AWARDS • EPA Energy Star • Awards for Affordable Housing • 2009 – 5 National Awardees • City of Topeka, KS • Blue Hills Community Services, KCMO • 2008 – Regional Awardees • City of Kansas City, KS • City of Topeka, KS

36. Cost Comparisons - Topeka 2006 Non-Energy Star Duplex $122/sq ft 2008 Energy Star Duplex $94/sq ft

37. Cost Comparisons: Utilities Non-Energy Star Duplex Annual Utilities Unit A Unit B $829 $827 Energy Star Duplex Annual Utilities Unit A Unit B $455 $347

38. Cost Comparisons: Utilities

39. ENERGY STAR BUILDING PERFORMANCE STANDARD Recap: The Heart of Energy Star • These features distinguish the program: • Review of plans • Inspection of building at critical point in construction, i.e., before installation of drywall • Testing of building (blower door & duct blaster) at end to determine specific level of performance

40. ENERGY STARREFERENCES www.energystar.gov www.energysavers.gov Latest home energy savings information www.resnet.us/directory/raters.aspx List of HERS certified contractors rehabadvisor.pathnet.org/index.asp Interactive payback calculator and much more www.buildingscience.com Very comprehensive technical stuff in English www.energycodes.gov/implement/state_codes/state_status_full.php DOE Webpage for State Energy Codes www.dsireusa.org/ Database of State energy incentives www.energytaxincentives.org Federal Energy tax credits (Energy Policy Act of 2005)

41. “HUD needs to lead the solution to greening the nation’s housing stock” HUD Secretary Shawn Donovan February 2009