WHICH GOVERNMENT AGENCY IS DIRECTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR HIRING MOST FEDERAL EMPLOYEES? A. THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE B. THE OFF

1. WHICH GOVERNMENT AGENCY IS DIRECTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR HIRING MOST FEDERAL EMPLOYEES? A. THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE B. THE OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET C. THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE D. THE OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT E. THE SENIOR EXECUTIVE SERVICE

2. CONGRESS DETERMINES THE ACTUAL AMOUNT AVALIABLE FOR GOVERNMENT AGENCIES TO SPEND IN A FISCAL YEAR WHEN IT SETS A. APPROPRIATIONS B. AUTHORIZATIONS C. SCHEDULES FOR MARKING UP BILLS D. PIGEONHOLES E. RULES FOR DEBATE

3. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING POSITIONS WOULD NOT BE AFFECTED IF THE MAJORITY PARTY LOST ITS MAJORITY IN CONGRESS? A. SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE B. PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE C. PARTY WHIPS IN THE SENATE D. PARTY WHIPS IN THE HOUSE E. PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE IN THE SENATE

4. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING POWERS IS NOT GIVEN TO THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE? A. APPOINTING CHAIRMEN OF STANDING COMMITTEES B. EXERCISING CONTROL OVER WHICH BILLS GET ASSIGNED TO WHICH COMMITTEES C. APPOINTING THE PARTY’S LEGISLATIVE LEADERS D. DIRECTING BUSINESS ON THE FLOOR E. RECOGNIZING MEMBERS WHO WISH TO SPEAK ON THE FLOOR

5. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF COMMITTEES IS SET UP TO HAMMER OUT THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HOUSE AND SENATE VERSIONS OF SIMILAR BILLS? A. CONFERENCE COMMITTEES B. JOINT COMMITTEES C. PARTY COMMITTEES D. SELECT COMMITTEES E. STANDING COMMITTEES

6. THE PRACTICE OF DRAWING THE BOUNDARIES OF POLITICAL DISTRICTS IN UNUSUAL SHAPES TO MAKE IT EASY FOR CANDIDATES OF THE PARTY IN POWER TO WIN ELECTIONS IS KNOWN AS A. MALAPPORTIONMENT B. GERRYMANDERING C. IMPOUNDMENT D. FRONTLOADING E. PIGEONHOLING

7. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INTEREST GROUPS WOULD BE LEAST LIKELY TO SUPPORT A REPUBLICAN CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT? A. AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION B. NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION C. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED PEOPLE D. CHRISTIAN COALITION E. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MANUFACTURERS

8. THE CABINET LEVEL OFFICIAL MOST DIRECTLY CHARGED WITH SETTING AND CARRYING OUT U.S. FOREIGN POLICY IS THE A. SECRETARY OF DEFENSE B. SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY C. SECRETARY OF STATE D. ATTORNEY GENERAL E. PRESIDENT’S CHIEF OF STAFF

9. “NO STATE SHALL…DENY TO ANY PERSON WITHIN ITS JURISDICTION THE EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAW” • THE QUOTE COMES FROM A. FEDERALIST #10 B. THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 C. THE 1ST AMENDMENT D. THE MAJORITY OPINION OF MARBURY V. MADISON E. THE 14TH AMENDMENT

10. A COURT ORDER ISSUED FROM THE SUPREME COURT TO A LOWER STATE OR FEDERAL COURT THAT CALLS UP A CASE IS CALLED A(N) • EX POST FACTO DOCUMENT • WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS • BILL OF ATTAINDER • AMICUS CURIAE BRIEF • WRIT OF CERTIORARI

11. WHICH EXECUTIVE ACTION DOES NOT HAVE TO BE CONFIRMED BY THE SENATE? A. TREATIES WITH OTHER NATIONS B. APPOINTMENTS TO THE SUPREME COURT C. APPOINTMENT OF AMMBASSADORS D. EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS E. APPOINTMENTS OF CANINET MEMBERS

12. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING EXPENDITURES ARE TREATED AS ENTITLEMENTS WHEN CONSTRUCTING THE NATIONAL BUDGET? A. NATIONAL DEFENSE B. SALARIES FOR MEMBERS OF THE WHITE HOUSE OFFICE C. HOMELAND SECURITY D. INTEREST TO LOANS TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT E. SOCIAL SECURITY PAYMENTS

13. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAS A PROVISION OF THE CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORM ACT OF 2002? A. ELIMINATION OF SOFT MONEY TO NATIONAL PARTIES B. REMOVAL OF THE LIMITATIONS ON CONTRIBUTIONS TO INDIVIDUAL CAMPAIGNS C. PLACEMENT OF A CEILING FOR TOTAL EXPENDITURES FOR PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS D. CREATION OF THE FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION TO REGULATE CAMPAIGN FINANCING E. LIMITATION ON THE NUMBER OF POLITICAL CAMPAIGN ADS

14. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A POWER EXPRESSLY GRANTED TO THE PRESIDENT IN ARTICLE II OF THE CONSTITUTION? A. EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE B. THE LINE ITEM VETO C. IMPOUNDMENT OF FUNDS D. THE RIGHT TO INITIATE LEGISLATION E. COMMANDER IN CHIEF OF THE ARMED FORCES

15. AN EXAMPLE OF AN INDEPENDENT REGULATORY COMMISSION IS THE A. U.S. POSTAL SERVICE B. FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD C. NASA D. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY E. SOCIAL SECURITY AGENCY

16. UNITED STATES V. NIXON MOST DIRECTLY SHAPED THE POWERS OF A. THE PRESIDENT’S USE OF EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE B. THE PRESIDENT’S USE OF IMPOUNDMENT C. THE SUPREME COURT JUSTICES IN IMPLEMENTING THEIR DECISIONS D. CONGRESS IN CONTROLLING EXECUTIVE ACTIONS E. CONGRESS IN LIMITING FEDERAL GRANTS TO THE STATES

17. IN CONTRAST TO CATEGORICAL GRANTS, BLOCK GRANTS ALLOW CONGRESS A. MORE CONTROL OVER HOW STATES SPEND FEDERAL GRANT MONEY B. LESS CONTROL OVER HOW STATES SPEND FEDERAL GRANT MONEY C. TO MAKE LARGER OVERALL GRANTS TO STATES D. MORE DISCRETION IN TERMS OF WHETHER OR NOT MANDATES RECEIVE FEDERAL FUNDING E. MORE CONTROL OVER HOW STATES FUND EDUCATION PROGRAMS

18. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CHECK THAT THE PRESIDENT HAS ON THE JUDICIARY? A. HE MAY ALTER THE STRUCTURE OF THE COURT SYSTEM B. HE HAS THE POWER TO APPOINT FEDERAL JUDGES C. HE HAS THE POWER TO REMOVE FEDERAL JUDGES D. HE DECIDES THE LENGTH OF THEIR TERMS OF OFFICE E. HE MAY CHALLENGE JUDICIAL DECISIONS BY REFERRING THEM TO CONGREE FOR A VOTE

19. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CONCURRENT POWER OF BOTH THE NATIONAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS? A. REGULATION OF INTERSTATE COMMERCE B. THE RIGHT TO MOBILIZE AN ARMY C. TAXATION OF EXPORTS D. ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF COURT SYSTEMS E. DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN NATIONS

20. THE RULES THAT GOVERN THE CONDUCT OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ARE A. LESS RESTRICTIVE THAN THE SENATE B. MORE RESTRICTIVE THAN THE SENATE C. MOSTLY DESIGNED TO RESTRICT THE POWER OF THE HOUSE LEADERSHIP D. MOSTLY DESIGNED TO RESTRICT THE POWER OF THE PRESIDENT E. ALMOST IDENTICAL TO THE RULES OF THE SENATE

21. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE BEST DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AN INTEREST GROUP AND A PAC? A. INTEREST GROUPS RUN CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE, PACs DON’T B. INTEREST GROUPS AND PACs COMPETE FOR FEDERAL MONEY TO SUPPORT THEIR CAUSE C. PACs ARE REGULATED BY THE FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSIONS; INTEREST GROUPS ARE NOT D. PACs ARE THE POLITICAL ARMS OF INTEREST GROUPS THAT RAISE FUNDS FOR CANDIDATES OR POLITICAL PARTIES E. INTEREST GROUPS HIRE PACs TO COORDINATE POLITICAL STRATEGIES

22. MIRANDA V. ARIZONA, GIDEON V. WAINWRIGHT, AND MAPP V. OHIO WERE ALL CASES DECIDED BASED ON THE A. 1st AMENDMENT B. DUE PROCESS CLAUSE OF THE 5th AMENDMENT C. EQUAL PROTECTION CLAUSE OF THE 14th AMENDMENT D. DUE PROCESS CLAUSE FO THE 14th AMENDMENT E. PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES CLAUSE OF THE 14th AMENDMENT

23. “DEALIGNMENT” IS A POLITICAL PROCESS IN WHICH A. VOTERS SHIFT THEIR ALLEGIANCE FROM ONE PARTY TO ANOTHER B. INTEREST GROUPS GIVE MONEY TO CANDIDATES FROM BOTH POLITICAL PARTIES C. STATE AND LOCAL PARTY OFFICIALS DO NOT SUPPORT DECISIONS MADE BY NATIONAL PARTY OFFICIALS D. THIRD PARTIES TAKE VOTES AWAY FROM THE TWO MAJOR PARTIES E. PARTY IDENTIFICATION WEAKENS AND VOTERS PREFER TO CALL THEMSELVES INDEPENDENTS

24. MANY ANTI-FEDERALISTS CRITICIZED THE CONSTITUTION BECAUSE THEY BELIEVED THAT IT A. DID NOT CREATE A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT B. SHOULD INCLUDE A BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE C. DID NOT ADEQUATELY PROTECT INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES D. SHOULD BE MORE SPECIFIC ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS E. DID NOT SPECIFICALLY DEFINE THE POWERS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW

25. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING POWERS DOES THE CONSTITUTION GRANT TO THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES? • TO RATIFY TREATIES SIGNED BY THE PRESIDENT • TRY THE PRESIDENT AFTER THE SENATE HAS IMPEACHED HIM • TO CONFIRM MAJOR PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS • TO ORIGINATE ALL BILLS OF REVENUE • TO VOTE ON LAWS DECLARED UNCONSTITUTIONAL BY THE COURTS

26. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS IS MOST LIKELY TO VOTE IN A NATIONAL ELECTION? A. AN 18 YEAR OLD COLLEGE STUDENT B. A WHITE MALE WITH A HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION C. A CHURCH-GOING FEMALE WITH A COLLEGE EDUCATION D. A 60 YEAR OLD NON-CHURCHGOER WITH AN 8th GRADE EDUCATION E. A 21 YEAR OLD FACTORY WORKER IN THE MIDWEST

27. WHERE IS A BILL MOST LIKELY TO BE CHANGED/REWRITTEN? A. IN FULL COMMITTEE B. IN SUB-COMMITTEE C. BY THE RULES COMMITTEE D. BY THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE

28. A CLOSED RULE FOR DEBATE ON THE FLOOR OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WOULD MEAN THAT A. ONLY THE BILL’S SUPPORTERS WILL BE RECOGNIZED TO SPEAK B. A DISCHARGE PETITION HAS RESULTED IN A BILL’S APPEARANCE FOR FLOOR DEBATE C. AMENDMENTS FROM THE FLOOR ARE PERMITTED D. THE BILL HAS STRICT TIME LIMITS FOR DEBATE E. THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE DOES NOT LEAD DEBATE

29. THE INFORMAL NETWORKS THAT GROUP MEMBERS OF CONGRESS SHARING THE SAME INTEREST ARE CALLED A. CAUCUSES B. SELECT COMMITTEES C. BUREAUCRACIES D. SUBCOMMITTEES E. LINKAGE GROUPS

30. WESBERRY V. SANDERS, THE “ONE MAN ONE VOTE” SUPREME COURT DECISION ADDRESSED THE PROBLEM OF A. GERRYMANDERING B. MINORITY-MAJORITY DISTRICTING C. INCUMBENCY D. PORK BARREL LEGISLATION E. MALAPPORTIONMENT

31. EASLEY V. CROMARTIE RULED THAT RACE MAY NOT BE A “DOMINANT AND CONTROLLING” FACTOR IN A. REDISTRICTING B. SETTING WHO WILL RUN FOR CONGRESS C. SELECTING CHAIRMAN FOR STANDING COMMITTEES D. LOGROLLING LEGISLATION E. PASSING CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION

32. CLOTURE IS A TECHNIQUE USED IN THE SENATE TO A. DISCHARGE A BILL FROM COMMITTEE B. CONTROL NONGERMANE AMENDMENTS C. STALL A BILL FROM PASSING D. STOP A FILIBUSTER E. SEND A STRONG MESSAGE TO THE PRESIDENT

33. A POCKET VETO IS A TECHNIQUE THAT ALLOWS THE PRESIDENT TO A. KILL LEGISLATION PRESENTED TO HIM WITHIN 10 DAYS OF THE ADJOURNMENT OF CONGRESS B. KILL LEGISLATION WITHOUT CALLING ATTENTION TO HIS POINT OF VIEW C. COMMUNICATE HIS DISLIKE FOR A BILL BEFORE IT LEAVES COMMITTEE D. SEND THE BILL BACK TO BOTH HOUSES FOR CONSIDERATION E. VETO PART OF A BILL, BUT ALLOW OTHER PARTS TO BECOME LAW

34. THE 2005 CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT WAS CRITICIZED BY MANY AS AN EXAMPLE OF A. MALAPPORTIONMENT B. GERRYMANDERING C. MISUSE OF THE POWER OF INCUMBENCY D. PORK BARREL LEGISLATION E. FAVORTISM TOWARD THE MISWEST

35. AN EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT WITH A FOREIGN HEAD OF STATE IS DIFFERENT FROM A TREATY IN THAT A. AN EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT MUST BE RATIFIED BY THE SENATE B. A TREATY MUST BE RATIFIED BY THE SENATE C. AN EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT IS NOT LIMITED TO THE PRESIDENT WHO SIGNED IT D. AN EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT ADDRESSES ISSUES THAT ARE NOT VERY IMPORTANT E. A TREATY INVOLVES SEVERAL COUNTRIES, AN EXECUTIVE AGREEMENT INVOLVES ONLY TWO

36. A PRESIDENTIAL VETO OF A LEGISLATIVE BILL MAY BE OVERRIDDEN BY A. A 2/3 VOTE OF EITHER HOUSE OF CONGRESS B. 5 OF 9 SUPREME COURT JUSTICES C. A MAJORITY OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS D. A 2/3 VOTE OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS E. A LEGISLAIVE VETO

37. ONE MAJOR PURPOSE THAT CONGRESS HAD IN PASSING THE BUDGET REFORM AND IMPOUNDMENT ACT OF 1974 WAS TO A. GIVE THE PRESIDENT MORE SAY IN DEVELOPING THE BUDGET B. REQUIRE THE PRESIDENT TO SPEND ALL APPROPRIATED FUNDS C. LIMIT THE PRESIDENT’S POWER UNDER EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE D. LIMIT THE PRESIDENT’S POWER UNDER EXECUTIVE ORDERS E. SPECIFY HOW BUDGET SURPLUSES SHOULD BE SPENT

38. THE 10th AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION HAS BEEN INTERPRETED BY THE SUPREME COURT TO A. PREVENT STATES FROM TAXING AGENCIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT B. RESERVE POWERS TO THE STATES C. RESTRICT THE APPLICATION OF JUDICIAL REVIEW D. ALLOW FOR THE BURNING OF THE FLAG AS AN EXPRESSION OF PROTEST E. LIMIT THE USE OF THE LEGISLATIVE VETO

39. WHEN A LOWER COURT DECISION IS APPEALED TO THE SUPREME COURT, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS MOST LIKELY TO OCCUR? A. THE SUPREME COURT WILL RECONSIDER THE CASE, AND OVERTURN THE LOWER COURT DECISION B. THE SUPREME COURT WILL REPRIMAND THE LOWER COURT JUDGE FOR IMPROPERLY DECIDING THE CASE C. THE PLAINTIFFS OR DEFENDENTS WILL FILE MOTIONS FOR A CHANGE OF VENUE. D. THE CASE WILL BE RETRIED AT THE LOWER COURT LEVEL E. THE SUPREME COURT WILL NOT HEAR THE APPEAL

40. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE OF AMICUS CURIAE BRIEFS? A. THEY ARE USED BY INTEREST GROUPS TO LOBBY COURTS B. THEY ARE USED EXCLUSIVELY BY LIBERAL INTEREST GROUPS C. THEY ARE USED EXCLUSIVELY BY CONSERVATIVE INTEREST GROUPS D. THEY ARE NOW UNCONSTITUTIONAL E. THEY ARE THE MEANS BY WHICH A LITIGANT SEEKS SUPREME COURT REVIEW OF A LOWER COURT DECISION

41. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTITIVES SETS THE CONDITIONS FOR DEBATE AND AMENDMENT OF MOST LEGISLATION? A. WAYS AND MEANS B. APPROPRIATIONS C. JUDICIARY D. RULES E. GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS

42. OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH HAS BEEN USED THE MOST TO EXPAND THE POWER OF THE NATONAL GOVERNMENT? A. THE COMMERCE CLAUSE OF THE CONSTITUTION B. THE HABEAS CORPUS CLAUSE OF THE CONSTITUTION C. THE BILL OF ATTAINDER CLAUSE OF THE CONSTITUTION D. THE FIRST AMENDMENT E. THE FIFTH AMENDMENT

43. THE PROCEDURE FOR FORMALLY AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION BEST ILLUSTRATES WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? A. THE DOMINANCE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OVER THE STATE GOVERNMENTS B. THE DOMINANCE OF THE STATE GOVERNMENTS OVER THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT C. THE FOUNDING FATHERS’ DESIRE TO FACILITATE RAPID CONSTITUTIONAL REVISIONS D. THE SUPREME COURT’S POWER TO REVIEW CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS E. THE FEDERAL STRUCTURE OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

44. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT BOUNDARIES ARE USUALLY REDRAWN EVERY 10 YEARS BY THE A. BUREAU OF THE CENSUS B. STATE LEGISLATURES C. PRESIDENT D. HOUSE RULES COMMITTEE E. FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION

45. THE FRANKING PRIVILEGE REFERS TO THE A. FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD’S CONTROL OVER INTEREST RATES B. PRACTICE OF PEMITTING SENATORS TO PREVIEW LISTS OF JUDICIAL NOMINEES C. PRACTICE WHEREBY LEGISLATORS WITH THE MOST SENIORITY SELECT THE COMMITTEES ON WHICH THEY WANT TO SERVE D. RIGHT OF THE CHAIR TO CONTROL THE SCHEDULE OF HIS OR HER CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE E. RIGHT OF THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS TO SEND MAIL TO THEIR CONSTITUENTS AT THE GOVERNMENT’S EXPENSE

46. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS GENERALLY TRUE OF THE GERRYMANDERING OF CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS? A. IT RESULTS IN MORE DEMOCRATS BEING ELECTED TO THE HOUSE B. IT RESULTS IN MORE REPUBLICANS BEING ELECTED TO THE HOUSE C. IT GUARANTEES THAT ALL MINORITY PARTIES WILL BE EQUALLY REPRESENTED D. IT CREATES DISTRICTS THAT FAVOR ONE POLITICAL PARTY OVER THE OTHER E. IT VIOLATES THE PRINCIPLE OF ONE PERSON ONE VOTE

47. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS ONE OF THE CENTRAL CONCERNS OF THE FIRST AMENDMENT? A. THE SUPREMACY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OVER THE STATES B. THE RIGHT OF THE CITIZENS TO BEAR ARMS C. THE DIVISION OF POWERS AMONG THE THREE BRANCES OF GOVERNMENT D. THE RIGHT OF CITIZENS TO PETITION THE GOVERNMENTFOR REDRESS OF GRIEVANCES E. THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF THOSE ACCUSED OF COMMITTING A CRIME

48. THE “WALL OF SEPARATION” DOCTRINE REFERS TO THE A. DIVISION BETWEEN LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT B. UNIQUE POWERS POSSESSED BY EACH BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT C. DIVISION OF CHURCH AND STATE D. BARRIER BETWEEN LEGISLATIVE CHAMBERS E. DIFFERENTIATION OF MUNICIPAL POWERS FROM COUNTY POWERS

49. LOBBYISTS TRY TO INFLUENCE LEGISLATORS MAINLY THROUGH A. “WINING AND DINING” LEGISLATORS B. ORCHESTRATING PETITIONS DRIVES AND LETTER-WRITING CAMPAIGNS C. PLACING PERSUASIVE ADVERTISEMENTS IN THE MEDIA D. THREATENING TO HELP THE LEGISLATOR’S OPPONENT IN THE NEXT ELECTION E. PROVIDING LEGISLATORS WITH INFORMATION ON TECHNICAL ISSUES

50. STATES AND LOCALITIES HAVE THE MOST DISCRETION IN ESTABLISHING POLICY WHEN FEDERAL FUNDING IS DERIVED FROM A. CATEGORICAL GRANTS B. MATCHING FUNDS C. BLOCK GRANTS D. PROJECT GRANTS E. GRANTS-IN-AID