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Bioelectromagnetics ECEN 5031/4031 Lecture 3. ITP Fellowships , Programing Air Force Internships Human Center Research 01-15-14 1. Environmental and Occupationally Encountered Electromagnetic Fields
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Bioelectromagnetics ECEN 5031/4031 Lecture 3 • ITP Fellowships , Programing Air Force Internships Human Center Research 01-15-14 • 1. Environmental and Occupationally Encountered Electromagnetic Fields • 2. The objective is to get a feel for the size of both the natural fields we are exposed to and the size of the fields that we are now exposed to resulting from the wide spread use of electricity.
Atmospheric Sources • 1. Direct Current and ELF (0 to 3khz) • 2. Earths DC Magnetic Fields 24μT to 65μT variation up to about 1μT with the Northern Lights over several minutes • 3. Electric fields DC 100 to 300V/m with the earth negative. Up to 100kV/m in thunderstorms.
B Field for Underwater Cable Normal load 400A shielded so no E field outside
High Voltage AC Lines Standards in US limit Fields to 1 to 5kV/m
The Effects of Power Pole Configurations and Phasing on Magnetic Fields
Variations in Magnetic Field Exposures Over the Course of a Day
Some Typical Magnetic and Electric Field Strengths vs. Distance
Sources of Intermediate and Radio Frequency Fields • 1. Scanners , Libraries, Airport Security • 920MHz , B = 10µT and Deactivate at 50-60Hz 500µT • 2. Video Display Terminals, VDT, Cathode Ray Tubes CRT Up to 20KV inside the Tube, ≈10V/m at 0.5m
RF Sources • 2. RF heaters for sealing plastic etc. • 3. RF Transmission Short Wave 2 -27MHz 3-20V/m at 10’s of meters. • 4. Radio TV • 5. Base Stations and Cell Phones
Exposure Levels • 1. US average about 50µW/m2 to 100µW/m2 • 2. We have measure E =1 to 2 V/m in Boulder, peak 10mw • 3. Peak Power from transmitter about50 KW • 4. Radar Peak at Megawatts, over the horizon