Introduction to Literature

1. Introduction to Literature MAISRUL 08127552934 081266401251 Maisrul@yahoo.com www.roelsite.yolasite.com Roel Man Twitter @MaisRoel

2. Introduction to Literature • What is Literature? There’s so many definitions of literature. Literature is a sort of arts. As other kinds of arts, literature also involve beauty and it can be enjoyed and showed by people. In Painting, we can enjoy the beauty of the drawing or object in the canvas (and in many other media). That’s also for Sculpture or statue, the people can appreciate how attractive it is. In music, we can hear the sound or melody as well as the song and people can feel and love it. What about literature? How can we enjoy it and what make it as a kind of arts?

3. Introduction to Literature • In Sculpturing, the media is the statue; it could be made of wood, stone or even metal. • In Painting, it uses canvas, glass, concrete, or metal. • In music, It uses different kinds of tones through many kinds of instruments. • What about literature?

4. Introduction to Literature • Literature as an art exploits language as the media. • Literature can be classify into three form • Poetry • Fiction • Drama

5. Introduction to Literature • What is the scope of Literature? What we mean of literature is always in the form of written. • Why we study Literature? - To increase, to enrich, or to highlight human knowledge about art of humanity. - To enhance human insight and experience. - To soften human feeling.

6. Introduction to Literature • What is English Literature? English literature is the literature written in the English language, including literature composed in English by writers not necessarily from England. • Among the variety of authors of English literature, the works of William Shakespeare remain paramount throughout the English-speaking world.

7. Introduction to Literature • American literature American literature as a whole is the written or literary work produced in the area of the United States and its preceding colonies.

8. History of English Literature • Old English English, as we know it, descends from the language spoken by the north Germanic tribes who settled in England from the 5th century A.D. onwards. They had no writing (except runes, used as charms) until they learned the Latin alphabet from Roman missionaries. The earliest written works in Old English (as their language is now known to scholars) were probably composed orally at first, and may have been passed on from speaker to speaker before being written. The work of literature from old English: Beowulfand Hymn by Cædmon

9. History of English Literature • Middle English Begin from 1066 when England successfully invaded by Normandy (today French). King William of Normandy became William the Conqueror defeated King Harold II, the last king of the Saxon. The old English became the language of common people, and French was the official language of the kingdom. • The Works of Literature in Middle English: - History of Briton and The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey of Monmouth.

10. History of English Literature • Early Modern English It’s begin when the first printed machine invented around 15 century. Since then more literary works published and brought about the development of English language. • Elizabethan Period This period refers to queen Elizabeth I which ruled the country at the end of 15 century.

11. History of English Literature • Elizabethan Period This period refers to queen Elizabeth I which ruled the country at the end of 15 century (1558 – 1603) The most famous and well-known writer was William Shakespeare (1564 – 1616) and Christopher Marlowe (1564 -1593) Some of Marlowe’s works : • Tamburlaine • Doctor Faustus • The Jew of Malta

12. History of English Literature • William Shakespeare’s works His masterpiece plays can be categorized into some periods: • From 1592 – 1601: - Romeo and Juliet - As You Like it - Richard II - Twelfth Night - A Midsummer Night’s Dream - The Merchant of Venice • From 1601 – 1608: - Hamlet - King Lear - Othello - Timon of Athens - Macbeth • After 1608 : - Pericles - Cymbeline - The Tempest The Winter’s Tale

13. History of English Literature • 18th century literature or the age of reason • Romanticism William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge • Victorian literature (1837-1901)

14. History of English Literature Individual work • Find out some literary works of Victorian period! • Poetry : The writers/poets and the works • Fiction : The writers and the works • Drama : The writers/Playwright and the works • Give your opinions about what are the characteristics of literary works in Victorian age and what make them different to Elizabethan period!