Vocabulary

1. Vocabulary Fragments Pasco-Hernando Community College Tutorial Series

2. Vocabulary - Fragments • These are the vocabulary words for the module on fragments. • Read through carefully and print out if possible.  • Don't be overwhelmed.   • The information will be repeated throughout the module, and there will be practice exercises.

3. Vocabulary - Fragments • sentence - a group of words with a subject and a predicate and a complete thought. • subject - the doer of the action in a sentence • predicate - the action, the verb.  Cannot be an -ing word alone or an infinitive (to + verb) • complete thought - a finished thought; something or someone doing something

4. Vocabulary - Fragments • fragment - a group of words that is less than a sentence; a group of words that is missing either a subject, a predicate, or a complete thought • phrase - a group of words without a subject and predicate; a phrase standing alone is a fragment since it does not have a subject and predicate or a complete thought.

5. Vocabulary - Fragments • -ing fragment - a group of words beginning with an -ing word and which does not have a predicate or complete a thought: standing on the corner, running down the block, dancing in the street.  Also called an -ing phrase. • infinitive fragment - a group of words beginning with an infinitive (to + verb) and which does not have a predicate or complete a thought: to drive a bus, to blend the ingredients. An infinitive can be a subject, but it cannot be a predicate. • appositive fragment - a group of words that identifies something or someone and does not have a predicate: the flowers in summer, the house on the corner.

6. Vocabulary - Fragments • clause - a group of words that has a subject and a predicate; clauses are sentences when they have  a subject, predicate, and a complete thought. • independent clause - a group of words with a subject, a predicate, and a complete thought; independent clauses can stand alone as a sentence. • dependent clause - a group of words with a subject and predicate but which does not complete a thought because it begins with a conjunction: a word that joins parts of a sentence.

7. Vocabulary - Fragments • coordinating conjunctions - for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS).  A clause beginning with any of these words cannot stand alone as a sentence because there would not be a complete thought. • coordinating conjunction fragment - a clause (a group of words with a subject and predicate) that begins with a coordinating conjunction: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS). 

8. Vocabulary - Fragments • subordinate conjunction - a group of words used before a clause that subordinates (makes dependent upon) the main clause.  While there are many subordinate conjunctions, the most common can be remembered with the following: ITS AA BB WW - if though since, although after, because before, while when: If the wind blows, Although it was raining, Because she was hungry. • subordinating conjunction fragment - a clause that begins with a subordinate conjunction. Also, called a subordinate clause fragment.

9. Vocabulary - Fragments • relative pronoun - a group of pronouns that relate to another part of the sentence: whose that which whichever, who whoever, whom whomever, what whatever (WWTW WW WWWW). • relative clause fragment - a clause that begins relative pronoun (also called a relative pronoun clause or a relative conjunction clause):  who went with the crowd, which was the most advanced, that showed the best improvement