CITIZENSHIP AND THE CONSTITUTION (1787–Present)

1. Chapter 9 CITIZENSHIPAND THE CONSTITUTION(1787–Present) Section 1: Understanding the Constitution Section 2: The Bill of Rights Section 3: Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship

2. Section 1: Understanding the Constitution OBJECTIVES • How did the framers of the Constitution try to balance state and federal powers? • What are the three branches of the federal government, and what are the requirements for membership in each branch? • How is power divided between the three branches of government?

3. Section 1: Understanding the Constitution Balance of Power The constitution tried to balance the state and federal government by giving each the following powers: • Delegated powers – federal government • Reserved powers – state government • Concurrent powers – shared by state and federal government

4. Section 1: Understanding the Constitution Three Branches of the Federal Government • Legislative Branch • Executive Branch • Judicial Branch

5. Section 1: Understanding the Constitution Requirements for Membership • Legislative Branch • House of Representatives – 25 years old, U.S. citizen for 7 years, resident of state in which he or she is elected • Senate – 30 years old, U.S. citizen for 9 years, resident of the state he or she represents • Executive Branch – 35 years old, native born citizen, U.S. resident for 14 years • Judicial Branch – appointed by president for life, no special requirements

6. Section 2: The Bill of Rights OBJECTIVES • What are the main freedoms outlined within the First Amendment, and why are they important? • How does the Bill of Rights address colonial grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence? • What protections does the Bill of Rights give to people accused of crimes?

7. Section 2: The Bill of Rights Main Freedoms Outlined in the First Amendment and Their Importance • The First Amendment guarantees freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly and the right to petition. • These rights are important because they form the most basic rights of all citizens.

8. Section 2: The Bill of Rights The Second, Third, and Fourth Amendments address colonial grievances. • Second – state militia • Third – no quartering of soldiers in peacetime • Fourth – no unreasonable searches and seizures/search warrants

9. Section 2: The Bill of Rights The Rights of the Accused – 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Amendments • 5th Amendment – due process of law, indictment, no person forced to testify at his own trial, no double jeopardy • 6th Amendment – quick trial by jury, nature and cause accusation, confronted with the witness against him, obtaining witnesses in his favor, right to an attorney

10. Section 2: The Bill of Rights (continued) The Rights of the Accused – 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Amendments • 7th Amendment – jury can decide civil cases • 8th Amendment – no excessive bail, fines, or cruel and unusual punishment

11. Section 3: Rights andResponsibilities of Citizenship OBJECTIVES • How can a person become a U.S. citizen? • What are some of the most important responsibilities of citizenship? • Why should citizens be involved with their community and government?

12. Section 3: Rights andResponsibilities of Citizenship Becoming a U.S. Citizen • birth • naturalization

13. Section 3: Rights andResponsibilities of Citizenship Duties of Citizens • fulfill civic responsibilities • obey and know the laws • respect authority and the rights of others • pay taxes • protect the nation in time of danger • serve on juries

14. Section 3: Rights andResponsibilities of Citizenship Citizen Involvement Citizens should be involved in their community and government to • strengthen their nation • help their neighbors