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DEFENCE COMMUNICATION THROUGH SATELLITES

DEFENCE COMMUNICATION THROUGH SATELLITES. By Lt Col Khairul Kamal Subari RMAF Defence Communications & Electronic Division MAF HQ. SCOPE Introduction to Satellite Why Satellite? VSAT in General Spectrum Allocation & Characteristics VSAT Network Topology C Band vs Ku Band

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DEFENCE COMMUNICATION THROUGH SATELLITES

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  1. DEFENCE COMMUNICATION THROUGH SATELLITES By Lt Col Khairul Kamal Subari RMAF Defence Communications & Electronic Division MAF HQ

  2. SCOPE • Introduction to Satellite • Why Satellite? • VSAT in General • Spectrum Allocation & Characteristics • VSAT Network Topology • C Band vs Ku Band • Defence Operation Using Satellite Communication • Conclusion

  3. INTRODUCTION TO SATELLITE • Satellites • Specialize transceiver • Place in orbit around earth • Satellites uses • Communications • Weather • Global Positioning systems • Scientific studies of our planet, the atmosphere and the universe • Spy

  4. INTRODUCTION TO SATELLITE continues….. • Satellite Orbits

  5. SATELLITE COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Satellite Up Link 6 GHz Down Link 4 GHz Transmitting Earth Station (Outdoor Unit) Receiving Earth Station (Outdoor Unit) Indoor Unit Indoor Unit Basic Satellite Communication : - Line of sight microwave system with a single repeater (transponder) located at space - Space segment or satellite (e.g. Intelsat, Inmarsat, Measat) - Ground segment or earth station which includes: - Antenna - Outdoor Unit (ODU) (e.g. Feedhorn, Low Noise Amplifier, Solid State Power Amplifier) - Inter Facility Link (IFL) - waveguide or coaxial cable - Indoor Unit (IDU) (e.g. Up/Down Converter, Satellite Modem)

  6. MEA SAT-1/ 3 91.5 E P A L A P A 113 E 118 E JCSat 128 E PanAmSAT 169 E APSTAR 2R 76.5 E ASIA SAT 100.5 E I N T E L S A T 60 E 62 E 64 E I N T E L S A T 174 E 177 E 180 E 183 E LABUAN KINARUT SABAH BRUNEI KUANTAN WANGSA MAJU CYBERJAYA SARAWAK MELAKA SEMATAN SINGAPORE Legend: Existing E/S

  7. Satellite comms provide the following: Ubiquitous availability. Terrestrial-free network. Reliability. Multi-cast content distribution. Security & privacy. Superior economics. Rapid deployment & installation. Flexibility & expandability. WHY SATELLITE?

  8. VSAT in General VSAT : Very Small Aperture Terminal Antenna Diameter : 0.6m ~ 4.5m Traffic Capacity : 9.6kbps ~ 2Mbps Frequency Bands : C-band (4 - 6 GHz) or Ku-band (12 - 14 GHz). Use of Satellite : Geo-stationary satellite (36,000km above equator) Network Configuration :i. Point - to - point ii. Point - to - multipoint - STAR network - MESH network Equipment List : i. Antenna (1.8m / 2.4m / 3.8m) ii. Outdoor Unit (Feedhorne, LNA, SSPA) iii. Indoor Unit (Chasis, Satellite Modem) Applications : Voice, Data, Internet, Fax and Video

  9. SPECTRUM ALLOCATION & CHARACTERISTICS

  10. VSAT Point-to-Point VSAT Star Network VSAT Mesh Network VSAT Network Topology

  11. Satellite CUSTOMER HEADQUARTERS STAR Cyberjaya E/S Monitoring, controlling, troubleshooting, software configuration REMOTE OFFICE 1.8m / 2.4m Antenna NTU 6.1m Antenna LEASED LINE CENTRAL HUB WITH NETWORK MANAGEMENT NTU Leased Circuit Network 1.8m / 2.4m Antenna REMOTE OFFICE TERMINAL CONTROLLER Applications within each remote office TMNet Router TMNet (Internet Cloud) VSAT STAR NETWORK

  12. POINT TO POINT Satellite 64kbps - 2Mbps 64kbps - 2Mbps REMOTE OFFICE #1 REMOTE OFFICE #2 2.4/3.8m Antenna 2.4/3.8m Antenna REMOTE OFFICE VIDEO RECEIVER TERMINAL CONTROLLER PABX Applications within each remote office VSAT POINT-TO-POINT NETWORK

  13. VSAT MESH NETWORK Satellite MESH REMOTE OFFICE 2.4m Antenna REMOTE OFFICE 2.4m Ant NETWORK CONTROL SYSTEM 2.4m Ant 3.8m Ant REMOTE OFFICE VIDEO RECEIVER • NETWORK CONTROL SYSTEM (KUANTAN) • Monitoring, controlling, troubleshooting, software configuration TERMINAL CONTROLLER PABX Applications within each remote office

  14. Service Coverage on MEASAT-1 • Types of Services offered on Measat-1 • VSAT • IDR Junction • TV Uplinking • Bandwidth of up to 2Mbps Bridging Divides via Digital Satellite Technology from Telekom Malaysia

  15. Service Coverage on JCSat-3 • Coverage area – Asia (including India & Russia), Hawaii, Australia & New Zealand

  16. C BAND VS KU BAND

  17. FOR QUICK DEPLOYMENT KU BAND A BETTER CHOICE SMALLER SIZE BIGGER BANDWIDTH FOR CONTINUOS UNINTERUPTIBLE COMMS C BAND PREFERABLE NOT AFFECTED BY WEATHER BUT REQUIRE BIGGER ANTENNA DEFENCE OPERATIONS USING SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

  18. Effective Defence Operations Using Satellite Comms Using Both Band Ku Band as Primary Bigger Bandwidth Capable for multimedia transmission Smaller size C Band Antenna Backup to Ku Band on adverse weather Step-up with Ku Band moving ahead C Band remain with transmission limited to voice & data Networked C Band & Ku Band can meet the bandwidth demand of a deployed HQ CONCLUSION

  19. Thank you

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