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The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes

CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS. The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes. "The origin of eukaryotes is a huge enigma and a major challenge for evolutionary biology." Eugene V. Koonin, NIH (2010). Paramecium. David C. Bossard Chapter 8. CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS Cont.

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The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes

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  1. CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes "The origin of eukaryotes is a huge enigma and a major challenge for evolutionary biology." Eugene V. Koonin, NIH (2010) Paramecium David C. Bossard Chapter 8

  2. CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS Cont. The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes • Superficial differences from bacteria (prokaryotes): • • A nucleus – think of an egg yolk • • Larger size – 50x larger on average • • Greater variety of shapes – Bacteria are balloon-shaped • … these are just markers for fundamental differences.

  3. CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS Cont. The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes • Differences in more depth: •  The Nucleus protects DNA by physical isolation and by error correction while copying genes (more than bacteria) •  DNA in Chromosomes, not circular as in bacteria •  Invention of Mitosis (asexual) and Meiosis (sexual) • cell duplication. Complex; All eukaryotes have both. David C. Bossard Chapter 8

  4. CREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes ORGANELLES • The Nucleus is one of several organelles in a eukaryote: •  Mitochondria – The power plant (make ATP) •  Endoplastic Reticulum – The factory •  Golgi Apparatus - The post office •  (+ others that depend on the cell's function)

  5. CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes • Innovations: • Internal structure – the cytoskeleton Eukaryote cytoskeleton (From Wikipedia) Blue = nucleus; green  = microtubules; red = microfiliaments

  6. CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes • Innovations: • Internal structure – the cytoskeleton

  7. CREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes • Internal structure – Motor transport system (Kinesin)

  8. CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Plants and Animals "The magnates walk first*." Hugh Miller (1858) "We know, further, so far at least as we have yet succeeded in deciphering the record, -- that the several dynasties were introduced, not in their lower, but in their higher forms; that, in short, in the imposing programme of creation it was arranged, as a general rule, that in each of the great divisions of the procession the magnates should walk first." Hugh Miller, Footprints of the Creator (3rd. Ed. (1858) p. 325) David C. Bossard Magnates Walk First

  9. CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Plants and Animals "The magnates walk first*." Hugh Miller (1858) "We know, further, so far at least as we have yet succeeded in deciphering the record, -- that the several dynasties were introduced, not in their lower, but in their higher forms; that, in short, in the imposing programme of creation it was arranged, as a general rule, that in each of the great divisions of the procession the magnates should walk first." Hugh Miller, Footprints of the Creator (3rd. Ed. (1858) p. 325)

  10. CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Plants and Animals

  11. CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Animals • Most marine animal phyla (body plans) appear in the Cambrian Era (around 525 Mya). This was when the homeobox genes were invented. •  Homeobox genes "invented" • – regulate patterns of anatomical development • (eyes, appendages, etc.) David C. Bossard Algorithms

  12. CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Plants • Spores give Earliest Evidence of (multi-cellular) •  ca. 470 My ago Spore Tetrads (Devonian, ca. 410 Mya) David C. Bossard Chapter 10

  13. CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Plants •  Earliest Plant Fossils – Cooksonia, Ca. 416 Mya. Cooksonia ca. 416 Mya Rhynia ca. 400 Mya Ejecting sperm cells David C. Bossard Chapter 10

  14. CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS The Creation of Plants The Creation of Plants • Most plant phyla (body plans) appear in the Devonian Age(around 410-350 Mya) after completion of the ozone layer. David C. Bossard Chapter 10 Devonian Scene Carboniferous Scene

  15. RECAP THE CREATION NARRATIVE • Achievements of the past 60 years: • Big Bang Cosmology • Age of Universe • How Primordial Matter formed • Origin of the Elements (B2FH) • Earth's Origin • Biosphere's Formation & Dependence on Life • Geologic Evidence of Life • Carbon Evidence -- earliest Life • * Fossil Narrative of Speciation and Development • Genetic Narrative • Central Dogma • Gene Sequencing • Implication for Species Relationships

  16. CREATION NARRATIVE CREATION NARRATIVE – CONCLUSIONS THE END

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