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Concentration of a Solution

Concentration of a Solution. The concentration of a solution is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution. Chemists commonly use several different ways to quantitatively express the concentration of a solution. These include: Percent Composition by mass

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Concentration of a Solution

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  1. Concentration of a Solution • Theconcentrationof a solution is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution. • Chemists commonly use several different ways to quantitatively express the concentration of a solution. These include: • Percent Composition by mass • Parts per million / Part per billion • Molarity (M) • Molality (m)

  2. Percent Composition by Mass • Sometimes the amount of solute present in the solution is expressed as a percent by mass. grams of solute • % Composition = ------------------------- x 100 grams of solution Remember: solution is the solute and solvent together

  3. Percent Composition Sample Problems • What is the percent composition of a solution that contains 115 g NaCl dissolved in 500 g of H2O? • How many grams of KMnO4 are needed to make 500 g of a 12.0% KMnO4 solution?

  4. mass of solute in solution total mass of solution mass of solute in solution total mass of solution Parts per Million (ppm) andParts per Billion (ppb) ppm = Parts per Million (ppm)  106 Parts per Billion (ppb)  109 ppb =

  5. What Do You Think? • A 900.0 g sample of sea water is found to contain 6.7 x 10 -3 g Zn. Express this concentration in ppm.

  6. Molarity (M) • Molarity (M)is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. moles of solute (mol) • Molarity (M) = -------------------------------- liters of solution (L)

  7. Molarity Sample Problems • What is the molarity of a 0.500 L sample of solution that contains 60.0 g ofsodium hydroxide (NaOH)? • How many grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) are required to prepare 250.0 mL of a 3.00 M solution?

  8. Molality (m) • Molality is the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. moles of solute (mol) • Molality (m) = ----------------------------------- kilogram of solvent (kg)

  9. Molality Sample Problem • A solution was prepared by dissolving 17.1 g of glucose, C6H12O6, in 275 g of water. What is the molality (m) of this solution?

  10. Wrapping It Up Reflect on what you have learned concerning the today’s topic. Respond to the following… What is the most important thing you learned today? What is one question you would still like answered? What is a way what you have learned today connects with what you knew before?

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