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Chapter Nine

Chapter Nine. NetWare-Based Networking. Chapter Objectives. Identify the advantages of using the NetWare network operating system Describe NetWare’s server hardware requirements Describe Netware’s memory, directory structure, and file system architectures

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Chapter Nine

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  1. Chapter Nine NetWare-Based Networking

  2. Chapter Objectives • Identify the advantages of using the NetWare network operating system • Describe NetWare’s server hardware requirements • Describe Netware’s memory, directory structure, and file system architectures • Plan for and perform a simple NetWare server installation • Explain how NetWare integrates with other networking operating systems

  3. Introduction to NetWare • In 1983, Novell introduced its NetWare network operating system • Versions 3.1 and 3.1—collectively known as NetWare 3.x—were introduced in the early 1990s • Versions 4.0, 4.1, and 4.11—collectively known as NetWare 4.x—were introduced in the mid-1990s • NetWare 4.11 is sometimes referred to as IntraNetWare

  4. Introduction to NetWare • Selecting a network operating system • Is it compatible with existing infrastructure? • Will it provide the security required by the network’s resources? • Can the technical staff manage it effectively? • Will existing applications run smoothly on it?

  5. Introduction to NetWare • Selecting a network operating system (cont.) • Will it accommodate future growth (that is, is it scalable)? • Does it support additional services the network’s users require? • How much does it cost? • What type of sort can be expected from the vendor?

  6. Advantages of NetWare • Novell provides extensive online support from its support Web site • NetWare is optimal for file and print sharing • NetWare offers native interoperability solutions for Macintosh-, DOS-, Windows-, OS/2-, and UNIX-based systems

  7. Drawbacks of NetWare • If there is a heavy dependence on enterprise-wide Microsoft solutions, consider forgoing a NetWare purchase • If the technical staff prefer or demand a simple graphical interface, Windows NT Server may be a better choice • NetWare’s graphical interfaces are less responsive or less intuitive than Microsoft’s graphical interface

  8. NetWare Server Hardware TABLE 9-1 Minimum hardware requirements for NetWare 4.x and 5.0 servers

  9. Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server • How many clients will connect to the server? • What kind of applications will run on the server? • How much storage space will each user need? • How much down time is acceptable? • What can the organization afford?

  10. Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server • When considering NetWare, note the number of NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each service • NLMs are routines that enable the server to run a range of programs and offer a variety of services

  11. A Closer Look at the NetWare Operating System • Multiprocessing • In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports the use of as many as 32 processors on one server • Takes advantage of symmetric multiprocessing • To use NetWare 5.0’s multiprocessing capabilities, simply install multiple processors in the server

  12. NetWare’s Memory Model • Whereas NetWare 4.x can use only physical memory, NetWare 5.0 can work with both virtual memory and physical memory • Protected mode • Runs services in a separate memory area from the operating system • Caching • Process of saving frequently used data to an area of the physical memory where it will be readily available for future purposes

  13. The Kernel and Console Operations • Kernel • Core of the operating system • Server console • Network administrator’s primary interface to a NetWare server • Monitor • Enables the system administrator to view server parameters such as protocols, bindings, system resources, and loaded modules. Also allows the system administrator to modify these parameters.

  14. The Kernel and Console Operations FIGURE 9-1 NetWare console screen at the Monitor menu

  15. The NetWare File System • Compression • NetWare 4.x and 5.0 both support file compression • NetWare versions 4.x and 5.0 differ slightly in their default compression services • Compression does increase file access time slightly; for this reason it is not recommended for extremely large files

  16. Block Suballocation • Technique for using hard disk space more efficiently • Block • Unit of disk space FIGURE 9-2 Block suballocation

  17. NetWare Directory Services (NDS) • System for managing multiple servers and their resources • Object • Resource in an NDS tree, the logical representation of resources in a NetWare enterprise FIGURE 9-3 Simple NDS tree

  18. Container Objects • Hierarchical arrangement of branches • Also called organizational units FIGURE 9-4 Two ways of grouping objects in an NDS tree

  19. Leaf Object • Object in the NDS tree that does not contain other objects FIGURE 9-5 More complex NDS tree

  20. Context • Kind of road map for finding an object in an NDS tree • Consists of an object’s organizational unit names plus the organization name • May be expressed in typeful or typeless notation

  21. Context • Typeful • Way of denoting an object’s context in which the Organization and Organizational Unit designators are included • Typeless • Way of denoting an object’s context in which the Organization and Organizational Unit designators are omitted • Schema • The collection of objects (such as user or printer) and their attributes in an NDS tree

  22. NetWare Administrator Utility(NWAdmin) FIGURE 9-6 NWAdmin interface

  23. Planning for Installation • Where does the server fit in the NDS tree? • What name will the server have? • How many and what kinds of network adapter cards will the server use? • What protocols and network services should the server use? • What kind of disk controller does the server have?

  24. Planning for Installation • How many, how large, and what kind of volumes will the server require? • What additional services will the server support? • In a simple installation, the most popular installation options are already chosen • In custom installation, it’s possible to determine which services and programs are installed • What kind of licenses do I have? • How can I remember all of this information?

  25. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation • Make sure the server has a bootable DOS partition at least 15 MB in size and that it has at least 100MB of free space available • Insert the NetWare 4.11 installation CD • At the CD-ROM DOS prompt, type install • Move the cursor to Select this line to install in English, then press Enter • Read the NetWare terms and continue

  26. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation • In Select the Type of Installation box, choose NetWare Server Installation, then press Enter • Choose NetWare 4.11, then press Enter • Choose Simple Installation of NetWare 4.11, then press Enter • For guidance on valid server names, press F1 to view the Help text • When ready to continue, press the Escape key • Type the server name, the press Enter

  27. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation • If prompt appears asking whether to install symmetrical multiprocessing support, choose No • Install program searches for the server’s disk controllers and, if it recognizes them, installs the drivers • Choose the driver that matches the server’s NIC and press Enter • Press Enter to accept default values for LAN driver setting options • If not installing additional LAN drivers, choose No

  28. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation • After verifying the listed driver for the hard disk and the NIC driver are correct, choose Continue Installation, then press Enter • If the program asks whether it should delete all nonbootable partitions, select Yes, then press Enter • If the program does not find an existing NDS tree, highlight Yes, this is the first server, then press Enter • Highlight the time zone server will be installed in, then press Enter

  29. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation • Type the organization’s name, then press Enter • Enter the administrator’s password, then press Enter • Enter the password again to confirm it, then press Enter • Press Enter to confirm the organization’s name and context selected • Insert diskette, shipped with software, then press Enter

  30. Performing a Simple NetWare 4.11 Installation • Remove the license diskette and store it in a safe place • Once all NetWare files have been copied to the SYS volume, choose Continue Installation, then press Enter • To exit installation program, press Enter • Restart the server

  31. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • To create objects in the NDS tree • To manage the NDS tree through NWAdmin, must have administration rights • Launch the following executable file from your server’s SYS volume: PUBLIC\WIN32\NWADMN32.EXE • If NWAdmin screen does not display NDS tree by default, specify the tree by choosing View on the menu bar, then choosing Set Context • Enter [ROOT] in the context field, then click OK

  32. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) FIGURE 9-7 NetWare Administrator window

  33. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • Double-click the root object • To create an organization, right-click the root object, then choose Create • Scroll down the list of objects, highlight Organization, then click OK • Enter the Organization name then click Create • To create an object inside the organization, right-click the Organization, then choose Create

  34. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • The program displays a list of objects to choose to create within the Organization • To create an Organizational Unit beneath your Organization, select the Organizational Unit object, then click OK • Enter the name of the Organizational Unit, then click Create • To create a user belonging to the Organizational Unit, right-click the Organizational Unit, then choose Create • Press U to select the User object

  35. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • Press Enter to create a User object • Click OK after entering the user’s ID and last name in the Create User dialog box appears FIGURE 9-8 Create User dialog box

  36. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • To modify the properties of a User object through NWAdmin • Right-click the User object whose properties you want to modify, then choose Details from the menu that appears • To modify the user’s password, click the Password Restrictions button in the object’s Properties dialog box • Change the properties as instructed by the properties dialog box

  37. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) FIGURE 9-9 Password Restrictions window

  38. Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin) • To delete an NDS object through NWAdmin • Right-click the object, then choose Delete from the menu • Click Yes to confirm the deletion

  39. Internetworking with Other Operating Systems • NDS for NT • Tool that works with NetWare 4.x and 5.0 operating systems and Windows NT servers to enable Windows NT domains to appear as container objects in NWAdmin

  40. Chapter Summary • Currently several versions of NetWare exist • To determine the NetWare server’s requirements, consider the number of NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each service • Add components to a NetWare server to enhance its fault tolerance and performance

  41. Chapter Summary • In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports as many as 32 processors on one server and uses symmetric multiprocessing • Whereas NetWare4.x can use only physical memory, NetWare 5.0 can use both physical and virtual memory • Novell allows network administrators to adjust the server’s use of memory in a number of ways

  42. Chapter Summary • At the heart of NetWare lies the kernel, or core of the operating system • The network administrator’s primary interface to a NetWare server is the server console • Hundreds of NLMs are available for NetWare operating system

  43. Chapter Summary • NetWare’s high-performance file system supports DOS, Macintosh, UNIX, OS/2, and Windows’ long filenames • Before inserting the NetWare CD for installation of the operating system, consider the many factors the system will have • NWAdmin is a graphical interface that runs from Windows 95 or Windows NT workstation and enables network administrators to manage NDS objects

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