RLSS Avon & North Wiltshire First-Aid Workshop

1. RLSS Avon & North Wiltshire First-Aid Workshop

2. Unconscious casualties • Chest compressions and Rescue Breathing (CPR) • Bleeding and Medical Shock • Hypothermia Aims of the Workshop

3. What can cause a person to lose consciousness or stop breathing? • Heart attack • Injuries and medical conditions • Choking • Drowning • Drugs / Alcohol

4. Initial Checks for Response and Breathing • Check for danger • Check for response • Shout for help • Open the airway • Check for normal breathing • Take Appropriate Action...

5. Initial Checks for Response and Breathing

6. Initial Checks for Response and Breathing • Check for danger • Check for response • Shout for help • Open the airway • Check for normal breathing • Take Appropriate Action...

7. If they are breathing normally • Recovery Position: • Safe, stable position • Maintains the airway • Keeps the back straight • Call 999

8. If they are breathing normally...

9. If they are breathing normally • Recovery Position • Kneel next to the casualty • Closest arm at 90⁰ • Back of hand against cheek • Raise the kneee • Roll them towards you • Call 999

10. If they are not breathing normally • Ask someone to call 999 • Perform 30 chest compressions • Perform 2 rescue breaths • Continue 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths • Only stop if the casualty starts to show signs of regaining consciousness, and breathing normally

11. If they are not breathing normally

12. If they are not breathing normally • Ask someone to call 999 • Perform 30 chest compressions • Perform 2 rescue breaths • Continue 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths • Only stop if the casualty starts to show signs of regaining consciousness, and breathing normally

13. The Complete Sequence of CPR Check for danger Check for response Shout for help Open the airway Check for normal breathing Ask someone to call 999 (or 112) 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths Continue 30 compressions to 2 breaths

14. Break

15. Life Threatening Bleeding... • Apply pressure to wound • Raise and support injured part • Bandage wound • Treat for shock and monitor • Call 999

16. Life Threatening Bleeding...

17. Life Threatening Bleeding... • Apply pressure to wound • Raise and support injured part • Reassure casualty • Bandage wound • Call 999 • Treat for shock and monitor

18. Symptoms of Hypothermia... • Shivering • Cold, pale skin • Complaining of being cold • Blue lips • Disorientation & irrational behaviour • Slow, shallow breathing • Unconsciousness

19. Treatment for Hypothermia... • Lay the casualty down under shelter • Call 999 • Replace wet clothes with dry clothes (do NOT give them your clothes!) • Passively re-warm (insulate them from the ground and use blankets to keep them warm) • If they can swallow normally, give small sips of a warm drink.

20. Unconscious casualties • Chest compressions and Rescue Breathing (CPR) • Bleeding and Medical Shock • Hypothermia Recap...

21. The Royal Life Saving Society UK is a charity that provides training in drowning prevention and CPR. The charity is funded through donations and the sale of lifesaving products. If you would like to make a donation to support the charity please hand your donation envelope to the course Instructor. For more information about the Royal Life Saving Society UK please visit www.rlss.org.uk

22. RLSS Avon & North Wiltshire Water Safety Workshop

23. Drowning Statistics • Open water hazard awareness • The 3 types of casualty • Danger Zone! • Shout & Signal / Throw / Reach Aims of the Workshop

24. Drowning Statistics • The Drowning Problem • 450-600 people drown in the UK each year • 63% of drownings occur at inland waterways • Significantly more males drown than females (78% males, 22% females) • More drownings occur in August than any other month • Drowningsoccur in all age groups and are particularly high in males aged 15 years and older • A large proportion of people who drown (22%), simply fall into the water and cannot get out. • Alcohol is a factor in 18% of drownings

25. Hazard Awareness

26. Hazard Awareness

27. Hazard Awareness

28. Casualty - Panicking • Actions • Ineffective. Ranging from No significant movement (shock response) to franticswimming action • Communication • Ineffective. Ranging from no calls for help (shock response) to desperate shouting and waving • Body Position • More vertical in the water than horizontal

29. Casualties – Non-Panicking • Actions • Effective. Using their arms and legs to maintain buoyancy and a clear airway. • Communication • Effective. Shouting or signalling for help. • Body Position • May have legs raised into a swimming or floating position.

30. Casualties – Unconscious • Actions • Completely limp. No movement. • Communication • No communication. No signal for help. • Body Position • May be floating at any point between the surface of the water and the bottom.

31. Implications for Rescue • Panicking Casualty: • High risk that they’ll grab you! • Will struggle to grab a rescue aid • Non-Panicking Casualty: • Still likely to grab you, but... • Can follow instructions • Unconscious • Will not grab a rescue aid

32. Contact Zone

33. Shout and Signal Rescue • Land-based, non-contact rescue • Call for Help • Keep back from the edge • Attract the casualty’s attention and reassure them • Give clear verbal instructions and hand signals

34. Throw Rescue • Land-based, non-contact rescue • Call for Help • Keep back from the edge • Attract the casualty’s attention and reassure them • Throw a buoyant aid in front of them • Instruct them to kick to shore

35. Reaching Rescue • Land-based... • ...indirect or directcontact rescue • Call for Help • Attract the casualty’s attention and reassure them • Lie down on bank & ask someone to hold your legs • Hold onto something solid and reach for casualty with an aid

36. Drowning Statistics • Open water hazard awareness • The 3 types of casualty • Danger Zone! • Shout & Signal / Throw / Reach Aims of the Workshop

37. Questions