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Hate Group Impressions of Barack Obama Pre and Post the 2008 Election

Hate Group Impressions of Barack Obama Pre and Post the 2008 Election. Kristina L. Wesler. Introduction . Barack Obama’s Presidency brings hope But racism still exists Bradley effect Life outcomes (Willis-Esqueda 2008). Racist Numbers. Research Question.

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Hate Group Impressions of Barack Obama Pre and Post the 2008 Election

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  1. Hate Group Impressions of Barack ObamaPre and Post the 2008 Election Kristina L. Wesler

  2. Introduction • Barack Obama’s Presidency brings hope • But racism still exists • Bradley effect • Life outcomes (Willis-Esqueda 2008)

  3. Racist Numbers

  4. Research Question How do Representations and Responses to Obama change after the election for hate group members?

  5. U.S. History • Previous Presidents have all been white. • Obama as outgroup member and in charge • Perceived loss of power could lead to decreased self-esteem.

  6. Prejudice • Fein and Spencer (1997) found that loss of self-esteem can leads to greater prejudice • Hate crimes can lift self-esteem (Hunt, 2007) • Make own group seem more powerful

  7. Expectations More prevalent Violent and Isolation Responses will be made online after the election than before Could lift self-esteem and shield from outgroup

  8. Methods • Websites from Southern Poverty Law Center • Coded by Category • 3 websites from each category of Hate • Beliefs and behaviors differ (Adams, Roscigno 2005).

  9. Neo-Nazi K.K.K. White Nationalist Black Nationalist Racist Skinhead Christian Identity Neo-Confederate Generalized Hate Hate Groups

  10. Neo-Nazi Hitler/Jews K.K.K. Pro-America White Nationalist Genetics Racist Skinhead Nationalist, W pride Working class dress-code Christian Identity 2 seed theory Tribulation Hate Group Focus

  11. 10 Posts

  12. 10 Forums * 10 Posts

  13. 3 Websites * 10 Forums * 10 Posts

  14. 5 Categories * 3 Websites * 10 Forums * 10 Posts

  15. 1500 Total Posts

  16. Representation Of Obama • Categories of Obama Representations • Animal, Less Human, Personality Flaws, Un-American, Religious. • Tallies taken for individual posts • Repeated references not counted • Agreement alone not counted • Separate views counted

  17. Animal: Rodent, chimp, snake. Less Human: Troll, savage. Personality flaws: corrupt, addict. Un-American: Illegal, communist, socialist, end of America. Religious: Jew, Muslim, Devil, Son of Cain. Representations

  18. Response to Presidency • Arm: “Buy guns, archery equipment” • Social Action: “March, vote, donate” • Isolation: “Flee, send blacks back” • Violence: “Pull an MLK, start a race war!” • Passive subversion: “Refuse him as President”

  19. Time Order/ Reliability • October and December 2008 • Avoids new Presidency effects • 2 raters used, Reliable

  20. Representations, All Groups

  21. Responses, All Groups

  22. One Group Results • Combined websites into hate group • Should be similar • Ease of Presentation

  23. Conclusions • Hypothesis was poorly supported • Hate groups are distinct • But increasingly connected (Burris, Smith, Strahm 2000; Gerstenfeld et al. 2003)

  24. Future Research Should keep track of exact Representations and Responses. Could follow individual posts for trends. May be served by comparisons

  25. Questions?

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