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T4/2/13; F3/23/12 ; F3/25/11; F3/27/09. Eisenhower Overview & Ike’s Foreign Policy ( Ch. 29.1 & 29.2 – pp. 813-822 ) Q: To what extent did Eisenhower reflect the political, economic & social values of 1950’s America?. I. Ike – Political Philosophy. A. Overview popular President
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T4/2/13; F3/23/12; F3/25/11; F3/27/09 Eisenhower Overview & Ike’s Foreign Policy (Ch. 29.1 & 29.2 – pp. 813-822) Q: To what extent did Eisenhower reflect the political, economic & social values of 1950’s America?
I. Ike – Political Philosophy A. Overview • popular President • WWII hero • 1948 – Dems – No • 1952 & 1956 – Reps – Yes • Adlai Stevenson - Dem B. Centrist • pragmatist • 1. Dynamic Conservative • business leaders • balanced budgets • surplus → debt
I. Ike – Political Philosophy (cont.) B. Centrist(cont.) 2. Recessions – 1953 & 1957 • deficit spending • gov’t spending • Keynes • shows pragmatism
I. Ike – Political Philosophy (cont.) B. Centrist (cont.) 3. New Deal • stops excess • expands some programs • minimum wage • social security • unemployment • *public housing • *highways • *education • *civil rights • [*all part of Truman’s Fair Deal, some reluctantly]
II. New Conservatives • less gov’t. • lower taxes • strong military • anti communist • John Birch Society • William F. Buckley • National Review • Barry Goldwater • “father of modern conservatism”
III. Ike’s Foreign Policy A. Overview • John Foster Dulles (State) • brinksmanship • confrontational • “rollback” • “massive retalitation” • [all talk, little direct action]
III. Ike’s Foreign Policy (cont.) B. Europe • East Germany – 1953 • Poland & Hungary – 1956 • political turmoil • democratic elections • USSR crushes • puppet gov’ts • U.S. – no action – why?
III. Ike’s Foreign Policy (cont.) C. Asia • Japan • LDC model • Korea • Ike officially ends war • Vietnam • Ho Chi Minh → comm. & nat’l. • Geneva Agreements • no election • fear of comm. win • military advisors
III. Ike’s Foreign Policy (cont.) D. Mid East • Iran – 1953 • CIA → Shah • oil • Egypt – 1956 • Nasser – Suez Canal (Br.) • war – Isr, Fr, Br • Ike stops war • Eisenhower Doctrine – 1957 • mil force in Mid East (when nec.) • Lebanon – 1958 • U.S. intervention
III. Ike’s Foreign Policy (cont.) E. Latin America • Banana Republics • ABC policy • Cuba – 1959 • Fidel Castro F. Sputnik - 1957 • 1st satellite • Space race (NASA – 1958) • Education – federal $$ - 1958 G. U2 Spy Plane - 1960 • increased tension w/ USSR • carryover for next president (JFK)
III. Ike’s Foreign Policy (cont.) G. Military Industrial Complex • warns of closeness • arms race continues • nuclear missiles • Q: Did Ike’s foreign policy live up to philosophy of “rollback”?