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Genetics

Genetics. Who was Gregor Mendel?. Austrian monk who studied mathematics and science As a boy he could predict the possible types of flowers and fruits that would result from crossbreeding two plants in his father’s garden. Who was Gregor Mendel?.

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Genetics

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  1. Genetics

  2. Who was Gregor Mendel? Austrian monk who studied mathematics and science As a boy he could predict the possible types of flowers and fruits that would result from crossbreeding two plants in his father’s garden

  3. Who was Gregor Mendel? Curiosity about the connection between the color of a pea flower and the type of seed that same plant produced inspired him to begin experimenting with garden peas in 1856. Made careful use of scientific methods, which resulted in the first recorded study of how traits pass from one generation to the next.

  4. What is GENETICS? The study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of genes.

  5. What is a GENE? The material that controls which traits are expressed in an organism Genes come in pairs and offspring inherit one copy of each gene from each parent It is a segment of DNA located on each chromosomes in the nucleus.

  6. HEREDITY The passing of traits from parent to offspring

  7. List the 3 Principles of Heredity Traits are controlled by alleles on chromosomes An allele’s effect is dominant or recessive When a pair of chromosomes separate during meiosis the different alleles for a trait move into separate sex cells

  8. ALLELE The different forms of a trait that a gene may have

  9. TRAIT Ways of looking, thinking, or being Traits that are genetic are passed down through the genes from parents to offspring

  10. RECESSIVE A trait that is covered over, or dominated, by another form of that trait and seems to disappear Hidden when the other copy of the gene contains the dominant allele. A recessive allele shows up only when there is no dominant allele present Shown with a lower-case letter

  11. DOMINANT A trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait Trait that always shows up, even when only one of the two alleles is in the dominant form Shown by a capital letter

  12. HOMOZYGOUS Both alleles [forms of the gene] are the same When offspring inherit two dominant genes, (one dominant gene from each parent) they are said to be homozygous dominant When offspring inherit two recessive genes, (one recessive gene from each parent) they are said to be homozygous recessive

  13. HETEROZYGOUS When alleles occur in different forms When offspring inherit one dominant gene and one recessive gene, they are said to be heterozygous Since the dominant gene will be expressed, they are said to be heterozygous dominant

  14. CO-DOMINANCE When an organism has two different alleles for a gene that does not follow the dominant/recessive pattern The organism shows a trait that is a blend of the traits represented by the two alleles Also called INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE

  15. GENOTYPE An organism's genetic makeup

  16. PHENOTYPE Outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism

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