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1. Punnett SquaresUsed to calculate the probability (chance) of passing a trait on to offspring. The 4 monohybrid crosses.
2. Purebred Dominant x Purebred Recessive(PP x pp) Genotype Ratio:
All Pp
Phenotype Ratio:
All Dominant
3. 2. Purebred Dominant x Hybrid (BB X Bb) Genotype Ratio:
½ BB: ½ Bb
1BB:1Bb
50%BB:50%Bb
Phenotype Ratio:
All Dominant
4. 3. Hybrid x Hybrid (Bb x Bb) Genotype Ratio:
¼ BB: ½ Bb: ¼ bb
1BB:2Bb:1bb
25%BB:50%Bb:25%bb
Phenotype Ratio:
3Dominant:
1Recessive
5. 4.) Hybrid x Purebred recessive Bb x bb
Genotype Ratio
2Bb:2bb
Phenotype Ratio
½ Dominant: 1/2 Recessive
Test Cross = (B? x bb)
Used to determine the genotype of a dominant individual.
Why do you use a homozygous recessive mate for a test cross?
6. Summary of the 4 crosses