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VISUAL ALTERATIONS

VISUAL ALTERATIONS. RETINAL DISORDERS. Retinal Disorders. Retinal detachment Retinal hole Retinal tear. Assessment. Retinal Detachment: separation of retina from epithelium S & S: sudden and painless - bright flashes of light - visual field loss r/t area of detachment

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VISUAL ALTERATIONS

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  1. VISUAL ALTERATIONS RETINAL DISORDERS

  2. Retinal Disorders • Retinal detachment • Retinal hole • Retinal tear

  3. Assessment • Retinal Detachment: separation of retina from epithelium • S & S: sudden and painless -bright flashes of light - visual field loss r/t area of detachment • Risk factors: trauma, aging , tumor http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/retinaldetach/retinaldetach.asp#5

  4. TYPES OF DETACHMENT • Rhegmatogenous: - most common; r/t mechanical force -fluid under retina • Tractional: -scar tissue on retina contracts • Exudative: -fluid leaks under retina

  5. SURGICAL TREATMENT Clinical setting Type of surgery -laser (photocoagulation): scar tissue formed to close the leakage -cryopexy: freezes the affected area -scleral buckling: silicone buckle sutured into sclera supports the breaks in retina Vitrectomy: vitreous removed; replaced with gas

  6. Scleral Buckling Procedure

  7. Video of Scleral Buckling http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQfmnADmgLY

  8. POSTOP NURSING CARE • Protect eye with patch or shield • Positioning of patient -on abdomen if gas/ oil instilled in eye affected eye up • Medications - antiemetics and analgesics post op - antibiotics and anti-inflammatories • Patient safety - call bell/ items within reach

  9. Patient Discharge Teaching • Avoid activities that promote increased IOP • Avoid rapid eye movement: -reading, writing, close work • Signs & Symptoms to report: -increase in pain, especially eye pain -sudden decrease in vision acuity -infection

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