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Dennis B. TRIZNA, Ph. D. Research Professor CEOSR - GMU e-mail: triznad@erols.com

Light Aircraft Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for High Resolution (1.2-meter) Topographic Mapping & Land Type Classification. Dennis B. TRIZNA, Ph. D. Research Professor CEOSR - GMU e-mail: triznad@erols.com. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION. Background NUWSAR Multi-band Polarimetric SAR

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Dennis B. TRIZNA, Ph. D. Research Professor CEOSR - GMU e-mail: triznad@erols.com

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  1. Light Aircraft Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) for High Resolution (1.2-meter) Topographic Mapping & Land Type Classification Dennis B. TRIZNA, Ph. D. Research Professor CEOSR - GMU e-mail: triznad@erols.com

  2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION • Background • NUWSAR Multi-band Polarimetric SAR • Objectives • Experimental Data Characterization • Projection Pursuit Analysis Tool • Analysis Results • Summary

  3. BACKGROUND: • NUWSAR Light Aircraft SAR developed • Pulse-to-pulse polarization, frequency band switching • L and X band are first bands chosen for implementation • Full Motion Compensation (Litton 100G & DGPS) • Polarization/Frequency suite offers opportunity for Classification tool application - 6 Channels simultaneous • Projection Pursuit developed for multiple image data • Higher dimension data set tool • Uses local texture in scene as analysis component

  4. NUWSAR - Naval UltraWideband Synthetic Aperture Radar Navy SBIR - Local Fairfax Company, Warrenton Air Operations Piper Navaho Platform L-band 45-deg Beam Width Horn 3 X-band 11-deg Beam Width Horns for AT & CT INSAR Litton 100G IMU

  5. Part I - Land Classification • Method • Multiple radar Frequencies & Polarizations • Simultaneous operation for registration, comparison • Projection Pursuit Classification methods, GIS • Applications: • Forest, Crop Health • Land Useage • Change detection over months/years • Watershed, wetlands • Forest cover, cropland percentage • Developed areas • Roads, Highways

  6. Warrenton-Faquier Airport, Surrounding Woods, Test Field

  7. Calibration Target area center of open field

  8. L-band 3-Pol HH/HV/VV=RGB

  9. X-band 3-Pol HH/HV/VV=RGB Nulls of X-band Horn

  10. Projection Pursuit Analysis of 6-channel images in a variety of combinations • A Generalized approach to Automatic Target Detection, Classification, and Identification • Has been applied to ASARS radar data - single frequency • Identification capability developed for targets, other features. • New multi-parameter (Frequency & Polarization) capability enhances ability to identify & classify.

  11. Projection Pursuit Classification method -applied to study of 6 channels of 1.2-m data Imagery: Lhh, Lhv, Lvv, Xhh, Xhv, Xhh. • Develop a PP data projection for this set of 6 Frequency/Polarization combinations. • Probability field determined from training set on portion of data projection image. • Develop Normalized Mutual Information function for quantitative comparison of different channel combinations for each of different target or scene types.

  12. Automatic Classification Green: Trees Blue: Tilled Field Red: Grass Yellow: Corn Stubble Purple: Buildings Black: Asphalt Light Blue: Hayfield White: Unknown/Unlabelled Human Interpretation

  13. Confusion Matrix - Automatic Measure vs Manual Operator

  14. Part II - Topographic Mapping of Land and Tree Height • Method • Two antennas one above the other used as interferometer • Phase difference of pair relates to height variation • X, L, P - bands map different depths (tree tops, tree branches, ground) • Applications: • Tree height monitoring • Crop height • Building development

  15. Flight direction Run 09119957 - Warrenton-Fauquier Airport Flight direction Map of the area Imaged portion of the area

  16. Area map and its SAR image Map SAR image

  17. No elevation data available because of poor SNR (shadows, etc) m Relative elevations from InSAR SARImage Elevation extraction from InSAR

  18. m 3-D Elevation Plot from Interferometric SAR Resolution of the elevation plot was reduced to 24 m x 24 m Look

  19. 3-D Elevation Plot - 2nd Example-Quarry (Incomplete Analysis) SAR image Map

  20. Look Picture of the part of the area

  21. m No elevation data available because of poor SNR (shadows, etc) or phase wrapping problems Elevations above geoid from InSAR Resolution was reduced to 6 m x 6 m to achieve better statistical averaging SAR Image

  22. m 3-D Elevation Plot from Interferometric SAR Resolution of the elevation plot was reduced to 6 m x 6 m Look

  23. Potential State Use of Light Aircraft High Resolution Data: • Land Classification: • Tree & Crop Health • Crop height • Land Use - Building development, Percentage Forest/Wetlands/Development • Topographic Mapping Data: • Forest Management • Land use - change detection over months/years • Coastline migration • Watershed changes-Couple with Airborne Hyperspectral Classification

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