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Overview of Kalifornia Coastal Processes and Tsunami Inundation

Overview of Kalifornia Coastal Processes and Tsunami Inundation. California Seismic Safety Commission 15 March 2005 Reinhard E. Flick, Ph.D. California Department of Boating and Waterways & Scripps Institution of Oceanography M. Hany S. Elwany, Ph.D. Coastal Environments &

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Overview of Kalifornia Coastal Processes and Tsunami Inundation

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  1. Overview of Kalifornia Coastal Processesand Tsunami Inundation California Seismic Safety Commission 15 March 2005 Reinhard E. Flick, Ph.D. California Department of Boating and Waterways & Scripps Institution of Oceanography M. Hany S. Elwany, Ph.D. Coastal Environments & Scripps Institution of Oceanography

  2. California Coastal ProcessesTsunami Origins • Earthquakes • Volcanoes • Landslides • Meteors … and Sources • Remote versus Local

  3. California Coastal Processes andTsunami Inundation • Tectonics and Geological Setting • Tides and Sea Level • Waves • Climate • Sand Budgets • Human Intervention

  4. Tectonic Classification of Coasts Inman and Nordstrom, 1971 Remote Faults produce beauty and hazard Local Pacific Ring of Fire Remote Grant & Rockwell, 2002

  5. GeologicalSetting • Tectonic uplift • Sea level rise TerraCosta Consulting Group California Coastal Records Project

  6. Cascadia Subduction Zone • One historic earthquake since 1700 (1992) • Large pre-historic earthquakes

  7. Mixed Tides are Important in California San Diego 1983 • Mean Range 3.5 - 6 ft (S - N) • Extreme Range 9 - 12 ft • Extreme Tides Winter AM, Summer PM

  8. Wind Waves areBiggest Source of Coastal Energy • • Flooding • Sand Motion • Surfing

  9. • Refraction - Bathymetry • Sheltering Wind Wave Modeling

  10. Edge Waves • Trapped nearshore by refraction • Travel alongshore • Common at all scales • Gonzalez, et al., Mendocino 1992 Cutchin & Smith, 1973

  11. Wave and Tsunami Runup • Empirical formulas • Lab tests (COE – SPM) • Non-linear shallow water waves Analytical approaches (Carrier & Greenspan) Synolakis, Kobayashi numerical methods

  12. Seawalls Offer protection under some circumstances California Coastal Records Project California Coastal Records Project

  13. Low-Cost Rapid Assessment or Rescue • Real-time ground link • • Damage location surveys • Offshore rescue

  14. Summary and Looking to the Future… • Processes causing local tsunami hazard also mitigate • Coastal study has advanced understanding • Technology and communication ready to apply

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