J.G. Janitsch : Sonata Da Camera , Opus 5, II C Minor

1. J.G.Janitsch : Sonata Da Camera,Opus 5, II C Minor

2. What instruments do you hear? • Melodic instruments (solo/duet) Oboe • Background accompaniment Continuo Group: Harpsichord, strings

3. Terminology • Sonata da Camera: sonata (to play), da camera (the chamber). A secular work in three or four movements. • Continuo (aka basso continuo) an accompanying part which includes a bass line and harmonies, typically played on a keyboard instrument and with other instruments such as cello, bassoon

4. Terminology • Basso continuo generally used/was guided by the use of “figured bass” • Figured Bass: a notational system used during the baroque period that indicated the harmoniesand their inversion that would be played by a keyboard instrument. As harmonic concepts became more ingrained and became part of common practice, these symbols enjoyed a more universal understanding.

5. Figured Bass

6. Terminology • In the medieval and renaissance periods, echoes of melodic material between voices/instruments and/or the interplay between those voices was referred to as imitation. • In the baroque, the term was replaced with “counterpoint”. In music, counterpoint is the relationship between voices that are interdependent harmonically (polyphony) and yet are independent in rhythm and contour

7. Vocal Forms • Opera • Oratorio • Cantata • Each contained Chorus’, arias, recitatives and instrumental sections (sinfonia) • Could be sacred or secular although opera generally was secular in nature.

8. Chorus • For choir or vocal ensemble. Functions as a “Greek chorus”, i.e., commenting on the action taking place or in some cases, furthering the story. • Handel Messiah :”For Unto Us a Child is Born” • Bach Cantata 180 “Wachet Auf” • Handel Rodrigo

9. Recitative •  style of monody (accompanied solo song) that emphasizes and indeed imitates the rhythms and accents of spoken language, rather than melody or musical motives. • Bach • Telemann • Handel