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Introduction Of Network Topologies

Introduction Of Network Topologies. Objectives. Describe the basic and hybrid LAN physical topologies, and their uses, advantages and disadvantages Describe the backbone structures that form the foundation for most LANs. Simple Physical Topologies.

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Introduction Of Network Topologies

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  1. Introduction Of Network Topologies

  2. Objectives • Describe the basic and hybrid LAN physical topologies, and their uses, advantages and disadvantages • Describe the backbone structures that form the foundation for most LANs

  3. Simple Physical Topologies • Physical topology:physical layout of nodes on a network • Three fundamental shapes: • Bus • Ring • Star • May create hybrid topologies • Topology integral to type of network, cabling infrastructure, and transmission media used

  4. Bus Network • Advantages :- • Easy to implement and extend • Well suited for temporary networks (quick setup) • Initially less expensive than other topologies • Cheap

  5. Bus • Single cable connects all network nodes without intervening connectivity devices • Devices share responsibility for getting data from one point to another • Terminators stop signals after reaching end of wire • Prevent signal bounce • Inexpensive, not very scalable • Difficult to troubleshoot, not fault-tolerant

  6. Bus topology

  7. Advantages of Bus Topology • Works well for small networks • Relatively inexpensive to implement • Easy to add to it

  8. Bus Network -Advantages • Easy to implement and extend • Well suited for temporary networks (quick setup) • Initially less expensive than other topologies • Cheap

  9. Disadvantages ofBus Topology • Management costs can be high • Potential for congestion with network traffic

  10. Disadvantages • Limited cable length and number of stations. • If there is a problem with the cable, the entire network goes down. • Maintenance costs may be higher in the long run. • Low security (all computers on the bus can see all data transmissions). • One virus in the network will affect all of them (but not as badly as a star or ring network).

  11. Ring

  12. Simple Physical Topologies • Physical topology • Physical layout of a network • A Bus topology consists of a single cable—called a bus— connecting all nodes on a network without intervening connectivity devices

  13. Advantages of Bus Topology • Works well for small networks • Relatively inexpensive to implement • Easy to add to it

  14. Disadvantages ofBus Topology • Management costs can be high • Potential for congestion with network traffic

  15. Simple Physical Topologies • Ring topology • Each node is connected to the two nearest nodes so the entire network forms a circle • One method for passing data on ring networks is token passing • Active topology • Each workstation transmits data

  16. Advantages of Ring Topology • Easier to manage; easier to locate a defective node or cable problem • Well-suited for transmitting signals over long distances on a LAN • Handles high-volume network traffic • Enables reliable communication

  17. Ring Network -Advantages • Data is quickly transferred without a ‘bottle neck’. (very fast, all data traffic is in the same direction) • The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only. • Adding additional nodes has very little impact on bandwidth • It prevents network collisions because of the media access method or architecture required.

  18. Disadvantages ofRing Topology • Expensive • Requires more cable and network equipment at the start • Not used as widely as bus topology • Fewer equipment options • Fewer options for expansion to high-speed communication

  19. Disadvantages:- • Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore this makes it slower. • If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully. • It is difficult to troubleshoot the ring. • Because all stations are wired together, to add a station you must shut down the network temporarily.

  20. Star

  21. Simple Physical Topologies • Star topology • Every node on the network is connected through a central device

  22. Star (continued) • Any single cable connects only two devices • Cabling problems affect two nodes at most • Requires more cabling than ring or bus networks • More fault-tolerant • Easily moved, isolated, or interconnected with other networks • Scalable • Supports max of 1024 addressable nodes on logical network

  23. Advantages of Star Topology • Good option for modern networks • Low startup costs • Easy to manage • Offers opportunities for expansion • Most popular topology in use; wide variety of equipment available

  24. Star Network-Advantages • Good performance • easy to set up and to expand. Any non-centralised failure will have very little effect on the network, whereas on

  25. Disadvantages ofStar Topology • Hub is a single point of failure • Requires more cable than the bus

  26. Disadvantages • Expensive to install • Extra hardware required • About these ads • Share this: • StumbleUponDiggReddit • Loading... • Related

  27. Hybrid Physical Topologies: Star-Wired Ring

  28. Star-Wired Bus

  29. Backbone Networks: Serial Backbone (continued)

  30. Distributed Backbone

  31. Collapsed Backbone

  32. Parallel Backbone

  33. THANK YOU..! THANK YOU …..!

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