Unit 1: Colonization

1. Unit 1: Colonization Religion, social, political, economic… • New England • Puritans • Plymouth • Mayflower Compact • Salem Witch Trials • Public Education • Ship building, trade, commerce • Big cities • Middle • Quakers • Dutch • Diversity • Some big cities (nyc, philly) • Bread Colonies (wheat, barley, rye) • Southern • Cash Crops • Slave labor, indentured servants • No public education or cities • Plantation system • Headright system

2. Unit 1: Colonization -Representative Government -Magna Carta -Mayflower Compact -Political rights -British Law & Parliament -English Bill of Rights -Conflict of Colonial legislatures & royal governors

3. Unit 1: Colonization

4. Unit 2: American Revolution When: 1775-1783 Who: England vs Colonies Why: To gain independence -Colonists angry over taxing from England without representation in Parliament -Stamp Act, Townshend Act, Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party…… Impact: US gained independence & land from Atlantic to Mississippi River Declaration Documents: Declaration of Independence Common Sense Olive Branch Petition

5. Unit 2: Articles of Confederation • 1st form of government (1781 – 1789) • “Firm League of Friendship” • States had more power then Federal government • National Weaknesses: no executive, no judicial system, no power to tax, took 9/13 states to pass a law, 1 vote per state, no national army/navy….. • Shays Rebellion showed problems • Northwest Ordinance – 1 successful law passed under Articles that made guidelines for statehood

6. Unit 2: Constitutional Convention • Country in economic crisis • Met to revise… then rewrite Government • 3 compromises: The Great, 3/5, slave trade • Federalists vs Anti Federalist – political philosophies • Federalists Papers • Bill of rights • 2 party system (Hamilton and Jefferson) • Democratic Republicans • Supreme Court – John Marshall – Marbury vs Madison

7. Unit 2: Constitution • Ratified in 1789 • Principles: Popular sovereignty, Limited Government, Separation of powers, Checks & balances, Federalism • Branches: 1. Legislative 2. Executive 3. Judicial • Whiskey Rebellion

8. Unit 2: Establishing a Nation

9. Unit 3:Westward Expansion • challenges • Impact • Manifest Destiny • Major land gains • Railroad • Routes out west • Displacement of Native Americans • War of 1812 • Era of Good Feelings • Monroe Doctrine – foreign relationships • Texas Revolution • Mexican American war • Jacksonian Democracy

10. Unit 3: Westward Expansion

11. Multiple Choice

12. Colonies – Westward Expansion "It is the object of that system to enrich a great nation rather by trade and manufacturing than by the improvement and cultivation of land, by the industry of the towns rather than by that of the country." What system does the passage describe? • capitalism B) mercantilism C) industrialization D) the factory system

13. B) mercantilism

14. Colonies – Westward Expansion Which of these was the FIRST example of a written agreement for colonial self-government in the British colonies in North America? • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut B) The Iroquois Confederacy C) Albany Plan of Union D) Mayflower Compact  

15. D) Mayflower Compact  Made by the “pilgrims” who had fled England for religious freedom, the Mayflower Compact was a necessity because the ship (The Mayflower) had landed far off course, rendering the original rules void.

16. Colonies – Westward Expansion The differences in the economic development of the mid-Atlantic, New England, and Southern colonies can BEST be attributed to the A) customs of the immigrants. B) geographic conditions there.   C) level of the education of their citizens. D) differences in their colonial governments.

17. B) Geographic conditions there The differences in the economic development of the mid-Atlantic, New England, and Southern colonies can BEST be attributed to the geographic conditions there. Not only were different crops grown in the regions, the coastlines varied greatly, allowing shipping to be a major business in New England.

18. Colonies – Westward Expansion The primary goal of the people who instigated the American Revolution was A) to establish a new economic elite in North America. B) to establish the world’s first democratic government. C) to regain the rights they felt the British had been denying them.   D) to make legally binding the concepts of equality and liberty for all in the colonies.

19. C) to regain the rights they felt the British had been denying them.   The thought of a democracy was not the primary motivation for those who began the Revolution. They yearned to regain the rights they felt the British had been denying them , and they hoped to start a new government based mainly on the British style of government, but with a few obvious changes.

20. Colonies – Westward Expansion One of the major conflicts between northern and southern states in the writing of the new Constitution centered on • whom would be allowed to vote. B) how best to choose the President. C) how to count slaves in the census.   D) the western boundary of the United States.

21. C) how to count slaves in the census.   Determining how to count slaves in the census was one of the major conflicts in the writing of the new Constitution. Northern states did not want to count slaves as people for the purpose of the census, but southern states wanted each one to count a full person. The final decision, known as the 3/5ths Compromise, determined that every five slaves would be counted as three whole people in the census.

22. Colonies – Westward Expansion Both John Locke and Thomas Jefferson wrote about the natural rights of man. In what document are these "inalienable rights" specifically mentioned? • the Bill of Rights B) the Mayflower Compact C) the Preamble to the Constitution D) the Declaration of Independence  

23. D) the Declaration of Independence In the Declaration of Independence these "inalienable rights" are specifically mentioned. Specifically, The Declaration of Independence states "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." 

24. Colonies – Westward Expansion How many Justices serve on the U.S. Supreme Court? • 5 B) 6 C) 9   D) 11

25. C) 9   Like a baseball team, the Supreme Court consists of 9 Justices. There are no qualifications to be on the Supreme Court, but Justices are wanted who can hit left-handed pitching. No… not really.

26. Colonies – Westward Expansion The Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise both dealt with • the admission of new western states. • the territorial expansion of slavery. C) the regulation of interstate commerce. D) the representation of states in Congress

27. D) the representation of states in Congress.   Both compromises dealt with the representation of states in Congress. The Great Compromise settled the disputes between large and sparsely populated states involving Congressional representation, while the Three-Fifths Compromise allowed southern states to count slaves towards representation.

28. Colonies – Westward Expansion The political followers of Thomas Jefferson took up the name "Democratic-Republicans," preferring • the immediate abolition of slavery in border states. • a strong federal government with broad political powers. • more political and economic power for those with wealth. • a decentralized government with specific political powers.  

29. D) a decentralized government with specific political powers.  The Democratic-Republicans preferred a decentralized government with specific political powers. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe were leading Democratic-Republicans.

30. Colonies – Westward Expansion Which of these would have been MOST likely to take the Oregon Trail? • Native Americans migrating from the east B) Americans trying to settle on the west coast C) people riding on the Transcontinental Railroads D) a businessman trying to make a fortune in New York City

31. B) Americans trying to settle on the west coast The Oregon Trail operated during most of the 19th century, though it saw its greatest use in the middle of the century. This was primarily used by Americans trying to settle on the west coast in the days before the relative ease of the Transcontinental Railroad.

32. Colonies – Westward Expansion Which is an example of the concept of Manifest Destiny in action? • the Compromise of 1850 B) the Missouri Compromise C) the Transatlantic Slave Trade D) the annexation of Mexican territory

33. D) the annexation of Mexican territory  Since "Manifest Destiny" was the belief that the U.S. was ordained by God to spread to the Pacific Ocean, the annexation of Mexican territory is the best answer here. The other issues deal with slavery or slavery in the territories of the United States.

34. Colonies – Westward Expansion • Which of the following helped to further the Westward Expansion in the United States after 1865? A) California Gold Rush B) Abolition of Slavery C) Transcontinental Railroad   D) Lewis and Clark Expedition

35. C) Transcontinental Railroad  

36. Political Cartoon # 1 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?

37. Political Cartoon # 2 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?

38. Political Cartoon # 3 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?

39. Political Cartoon # 4 • Identify the time period. • Significant people/person or documents. • Explain the cartoon?