Introducing some of ICRAF’s flavourites there is a CGIAR institute with a mandate for fruit trees

1. Introducing some of ICRAF’s flavourites there is a CGIAR institute with a mandate for fruit trees

2. Moving from wild harvest to cultivation

3. 125 125 Cameroon fruit Firewood firewood medicine construction 100 100 soil fertility fodder Medicine 75 75 Sawnwood Number of species 50 50 Fruit 25 25 Soil fert. Fodder 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Number of farms Species accumulation curves

4. 1 mango fruit per day provide child (<6 yrs) with daily requirement

5. Vitamin C Requirements for Girls Number of 100g fruit portions by species AGE

6. Vulnerability to poverty and IF availability 30% Source: Mithöfer, Waibel and Akinnifesi (2006)

8. Fruit Tree Framework Producer Consumer Production Marketing Product Processing

9. Research Objectives Producer • - Understand constraints/opportunities • Enhance returns to land/labour • Determine prospects producer associations • Improve quality of inputs (e.g. germplasm) • Develop market information systems • Develop new business opportunities • Explore subsidy, incentives to producers • Understand scaling up needs, opportunities • Target areas for production Consumer Production • Analyse market chains • Exploit/satisfy certification opportunities • Increase premiums for quality, branding • Elevate volume traded • Improve consumer knowledge, promotion • Demand forecasting • Improve product quality • Change timing of availability • Reduce wastage Marketing Product • Improve recovery • Value addition • Extend shelf-life • Improve efficacy (e.g. medicinals) • Enhance product safety • Ensure appropriate packaging • Provide adequate labeling • Increased graded product % Processing

10. ... market research on prices, volumes, actors, margins, timing, etc,

11. Production economic data

12. Feasibility Assessment of Selected Enterprises

13. Dacryodes edulis: African Plum Creation of a cultivar

14. Need to develop elite varieties Noel cultivar (out of season variety, yield US$20 per tree per year)

15. New Cultivar Development (Uapaca kirkiana) A superior cultivar (fruited after 4 yrs.) Variations Earlier fruiting, bigger fruits, heavy fruit loads, smaller trees and uniform quality

17. Public Private Partnership in Allanblackia Unilever, ICRAF, IUCN, SNV

18. Allanblackia spp. (Clusiaceae) • - up to 40m height • separate male/female trees • up to 500 fruit per tree • oil rich seeds in fruit

19. What is Allanblackia Seed Oil ? • About 55% is stearine • Contains 3 triglycerides: • SOS 70% • SOO 23% • OOO 4% • where s = stearic and o = oleic • AB oil can not be mimicked by mixing other oils and fats

20. The genus Allanblackia has nine species, three of which are being worked on A. parviflora A. floribunda A. stuhlmanii

21. wild tree $335 per tonne oil (or 2.7 tonnes seeds) farm dried seeds admin, packaging cultivated tree $363 village store focal persons, loading tree nursery $402 regional warehouse transport, extraction, profit $561 crusher management, taxes, storage $653 export port insurance, finance, storage $800 cif Rotterdam Allanblackia Value Chain

22. State of world’s research on AB December 2003

24. Germination experiments - ICRAF Ghana

25. Rural Resource Centres • Source of Knowledge • Skills training • Demonstrations (nursery, field, mother block) • Registration of collectors, buyers, nurseries, producers • Germplasm source • Materials (bags, chemicals, equipment)

26. satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery Rural Resource Centre satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery satellite nursery farmer’s fields satellite nursery 1 Rural Resource Centre serves 10-30 satellite nurseries 1 Satellite nursery serves 20-50 farmers 1 farmer growing 10-100 trees 1 Rural Resource Centre for each 200-1500 farmers (av. 800) 1 RRC leads to 2000 – 150,000 (av. 40,000)

27. propagators seed germination beds Rural Resource Centres Mother block area Fruit reception, Processing, drying area Seed storage pits seedling beds Water storage Storage sheds Covered Meeting Area Storage sheds Satellite nursery model (banana leaves shade, etc) Trials and field demonstration area

28. Building vegetative propagators with village nursery operators

29. New Edubiase RRC

30. Vitellaria paradoxa

32. UEMOA Standard for Unrefined Shea Butter

33. wild tree collection, decortication, drying shea butter $350 farm dried kernels $75 per MT shea butter (or 2.5 MT seeds) extraction, packaging packaging, transport packaging collector $110 consolidator repackaging, transport transport consolidation, storage, transport consolidator $130 exporter $500 repackaging, transport management, taxes, storage, transport exporter $180 management, taxes, storage export port $1,000 export port $200 insurance, finance, storage transport cif Rotterdam $800 cif Rotterdam $2,000 Shea Value chain

34. 500kg Crude grading for quality Post-harvest handling and drying 150kg 40 trees unacceptable 50kg 100kg 200kg Sale as kernels (low/mixed quality) Process to butter for sale (medium/mixed quality) Process to butter for household use (medium/mixed quality) 80 kg butter $0.40 per kg = US$32.00 40 kg butter $0.40 per kg = US$16.00 50kg kernel $0.03 per kg = US$1.50 Total benefit to H/H = $49.50 p.a. Shea Enterprise

35. 500kg Better grading for quality Better post-harvest handling and drying 50kg 40 trees unacceptable 150kg 50kg 200kg 50kg Sale as kernels (low/mixed quality) Sale as kernels (medium/highquality) Better processing to butter for premium sale (medium/high quality) Process to butter for household use (medium/high quality) 80 kg butter $0.40 per kg = US$32.00 60 kg butter $0.60 per kg = US$36.00 50 kg kernel $0.03 per kg = US$1.50 50kg kernel $0.05 per kg = US$5.00 Total benefit to H/H = $74.50 p.a. Improved Shea Enterprise

37. Japan-supported dryland fruit project

38. Azanza garckeana

39. Berchemia

40. Boscia

41. Carissa

42. Cordia

43. Diospyros

44. Dobera

45. Ladolphia

46. Uvaria

47. Vangueria

48. Technical Support on: Where to plant – trees suitable for your area What to plant – trees suitable for your purposes Which to plant – sources of tree seeds How to plant – good tree nursery practices www.worldagroforestry.org

49. Tony Blair visit to Southern Africa, May 2007 ICRAF Malawi (Simon Mn’gomba) explaining development of new Miombo fruit tree clones “Given the problems of deforestation and wood energy scarcity, promoting new tree varieties must be a top priority for Africa – Tony Blair”

50. The United Nations Environment Programme launched its "Plant for the Planet: Billion Tree Campaign" with support from Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Professor Wangari Maathai and His Serene Highness Prince Albert II of Monaco, and in cooperation with the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). Link to high-profile initiatives such as Billion Tree Campaign African Fruit Tree Network