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Chapter 3: Color, Texture, and Form

Chapter 3: Color, Texture, and Form. Dynamics : How loud or soft the music is. Terminology in Italian. C o l o r. Color / Timbre Voice : Classified by range into 4 parts Soprano, (Mezzo soprano), Alto, Tenor, (Baritone), Bass. Musical Instruments.

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Chapter 3: Color, Texture, and Form

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  1. Chapter 3: Color, Texture, and Form

  2. Dynamics: How loud or soft the music is • Terminology in Italian

  3. Color • Color / Timbre • Voice: Classified by range into 4 parts • Soprano, (Mezzo soprano), Alto, Tenor, (Baritone), Bass

  4. Musical Instruments • Instrument families have the same basic shape and are made of the same materials • Strings, woodwinds, brasses, percussion, keyboard

  5. Strings • Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass (Listening Guide, p. 36) • Core of the Western symphony orchestra • Different string playing techniques • Vibrato: • Pizzicato: • Tremolo: • Trill:

  6. Harp: • Glissando: • Arpeggio:

  7. Woodwinds • Flute: • Piccolo: • Clarinet: • Oboe: • English horn: • Bassoon: • Contrabassoon: The lowest instrument of the orchestra • Saxophone: • Listening Guide: pg. 37-38

  8. Brasses • Trumpet: • Mute: A plug placed in the bell of the instrument to lessen the sound • Trombone: • French horn: • Tuba: • Listening Guide, pg. 38

  9. Percussion • Some percussion instruments are pitched • Timpani: percussion instrument most often heard in classical music • Non-pitched percussion instruments: • Snare Drum, Bass drum, Cymbals

  10. Keyboard Instruments • Pipe organ: • Stop:

  11. Keyboard Instruments Harpsichord Piano Invented around 1700 • Most popular during the Baroque Era

  12. The Symphony Orchestra • Originated during the seventeenth century • Early 18th century: 15-25 musicians • Late 18th century: 25-80 musicians • 19th century: around 100 musicians • Around 1800, a conductor became necessary as ensembles expanded and pieces became more complex • Orchestral score: • Listening Cue: Practice identifying instruments of the orchestra on CourseMate Listening Exercise 3.1

  13. Texture • Texture: • Vincent Van Gogh’s Branch of an Almond Tree in Blossom (1890)

  14. Three Primary Textures in Music • Monophony: • Unison: • Homophony:

  15. Polyphony: • Counterpoint:

  16. Identifying Texture • The “Hallelujah” chorus from The Messiah by George Frideric Handel (pg. 45)

  17. FORM • Form: • Use of statement, repetition, contrast, and variation

  18. Five Favorite Musical Forms • Strophic Form: AA • Listening example: pg. 47 (“Lullaby” by Brahms”) • Theme and Variations:A A1 A2 A3 A4 • Listening example: pg. 48 (“Variations on Twinkle Twinkle” by Mozart)

  19. Binary Form: A B • Listening example: pg. 48 (“Andante” from The Surprise Symphony by Haydn) • Ternary Form: A B A • Listening example: pg. 49 (“Dance of the Reed Pipes” from The Nutcracker by Tchaikovsky)

  20. Rondo Form: ABACA or ABACABA • Listening example: pg. 50 (“Rondeau” by Mouret)

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