The Profession of Pharmacy

1. The Profession of Pharmacy Presented by Kappa Epsilon Psi Chapter Ohio Northern University

2. A. There is an INCREASED need for the profession and it will continue to grow. Growth in the # of births Record # of Baby Boomers Continued discovery of new drugs Increased public awareness of medications due to media Increased # of patients wanting to become more educated about their medications and participate in their own healthcare Why Become a Pharmacist?

3. Medicare Part D Patient-Pharmacist interaction occurs on average 12-15 times per year vs Patient-Physician interaction which occurs on average 3-4 times per year New discoveries of the human body Example: the complete mapping of the human genome has lead to the increased the # of potential targets for

4. B. The Role of the Pharmacist as part of the Healthcare Team 1. Drug Delivery and Medication Safety Delivering the correct medication, identifying the correct dosage, and maximizing the safety of medications 2. Patient Education and Advocacy Mandatory patient counseling which makes it obligatory to offer counseling on all new prescriptions in every state

5. 3. Pharmacists’ Duties ensure patients know the name of the medication, what it is used for, how and when it should be taken, how to minimize possible interaction and optimal storage 4. Monitoring Drug Therapy Help patients maximize their pharmaceutical care Act as a support system in disease management programs 5. Research and clinical studies

6. 1. Academic Pharmacist Involved in teaching, research, public service, consulting for local, state, national, and international organizations and sometimes patient care 2. Chain Drug Store Pharmacist Involved in operations, clinical services, human resources, technology, government relations, pharmacy expansion, managed care, patient education, dispensing May be either store-based or field-based (usually an upper management position) Practice Areas in Pharmacy

7. 3. Community Pharmacist Known as Independent Pharmacists Similar responsibilities as Chain Drug Store Pharmacist, with the added responsibilities of owning a store 4. Compounding Pharmacist Create new formulations that will work for specific and unique patient needs Example: Those who have trouble swallowing can have their formulations changed from pill form to lollipops, suppositories, or gels

8. 5. Critical Care Pharmacist Go on patient rounds with a mutlidisciplinary team of health professionals, aiming to optimize the use of medications in the sickest patients in the hospital by identifying potential adverse effects and drug interactions. 6. Drug Information Specialist Provide up-to-the-minute, in-depth information about pharmaceuticals to those who need and request it. The type of information called for depends on the individual practice setting.

9. 7.Home Health Care Pharmacist Involved in the management of patients that prefer to be treated at home rather than in the hospital. Management includes discharge planning, patient education and the assessment of the patient’s psychological needs. 8. Hospice Pharmacist Involved in palliative care and pain management for terminally ill patients

10. 9. Hospital Staff Pharmacist Involved with inpatient pharmacy. Responsibilities include: working with the medical and nursing staffs, implementing patient care services 10. Industry-Based Pharmacist Extremely broad field Involves everything from sales to research to law to marketing to general business

11. 11. Infectious Disease Pharmacist • Managing pharmacotherpay for patients with infectious disease • Teach clinicians rational approaches to selecting anti-infective agents 12. Long Term Care Pharmacist • Responsible for monthly review of every drug each assisted-living and skilled nursing homes patient is receiving

12. 13. Managed Care Pharmacist • Cross between chain/retail pharmacy and hospital pharmacy • Have a more direct impact on patient care because only see patients that have the specific insurance the pharmacist works for 14. Military Pharmacist • Opportunities for military pharmacists in the United States Army, Air Force, and Navy

13. 15. Nuclear Pharmacist • Prepare and dispense radiopharmaceuticals • Responsible for quality control and purity of radiopharmaceuticals 16. Nutrition Support Pharmacist • Manages all of the hospital’s patients on IV nutrition by developing a formula that provides necessary fluids, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc • Makes sure the therapy for each patient is complete and specific to their individual needs

14. Other Specialty Areas of Pharmacy • Oncology • Operating Room • Pediatrics • Pharmacist Attorney • Pharmacy Benefit Manager • Poison Control • Psychiatry • Public Health • Veterinary

15. Pharmacy Schools and Requirements • There are currently 82 Colleges of Pharmacy in the United States with more trying to gain accreditation. • The University of Findlay • Education Requirements 1. Pharm D ( professional degree from an accredited institution) 2. Licensure • Candidates must pass both the NAPLEX and law portions of the Board exam in the state the wish to practice in.

16. Schools of Pharmacy in Ohio 1. Ohio Northern University 2. The Ohio State University 8-year Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum divided into: • 4 year Bachelors Degree prior to entry into the PharmD program.Any undergraduate major is acceptable as long as prerequisites are met.  • The entry-level Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) is a 4-year graduate professional program. 

17. 3. The University of Cincinnati 6-year Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum divided into: • Two years of Pre-Pharmacy Education • Four years of Professional Pharmacy Education 4. University of Toledo 6-year Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum divided into: • Two years of B.S.P.S. prior to admission to the graduate portion. Students are eligible for admission to the graduate portion of the Pharm.D. program provided that professional pharmacy standards and regulations are met.

18. Ohio Northern University • Located in Ada, Ohio. • Between Findlay and Lima • Private University with intimate environment, “large enough to challenge, small enough to care”. • Offers a 6-year Doctor of Pharmacy Degree • ONU is unique in the fact that students can be directly admitted in the pharmacy program, therefore begin to experience the professional atmosphere early on.

19. Helpful Websites • www.onu.edu Ohio Northern University • www.aacp.org American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy • www.nacds.org National Association of Chain Drug Stores • www.ashp.org American Society of Health- System Pharmacists • www.aphanet.org American Pharmacist Association

20. QUESTIONS???