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Making Institutions more Effective and Accountable

Making Institutions more Effective and Accountable. Institutional Principle 1. Separate government’s role of ensuring sanitary rights for all … above that of all the agents that provide sanitary services. .

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Making Institutions more Effective and Accountable

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  1. Making Institutions more Effective and Accountable

  2. Institutional Principle 1 Separate government’s role of ensuring sanitary rights for all … above that of all the agents that provide sanitary services. Gov’t sets, evaluates & enforces quality of service standards on all providers within its jurisdiction. Gov’t Ensurer Sanitary wares NGOs H/Hs CBOs PHED Sludge tankers Housing Societies WASA Bidders Providers

  3. Institutional Principle 2 Retain asset ownership and financing liability together • If the provider owns assets ….. then license! • If the government owns assets …. then contract! Gov’t sets, evaluates & enforces quality of service standards on all providers within its jurisdiction. Gov’t Ensurer Asset ownership License Agreements Hard: Planning Approval, NoC, O&M license Soft: Social mobilization, quid-pro-quo Contract Agreements Sanitary wares NGOs H/Hs CBOs PHED Sludge tankers Housing Societies WASA Bidders Providers Asset ownership

  4. Institutional Principle 3 Use arbitration to separate standard setting from provision Gov’t sets, evaluates & enforces quality of service standards on all providers within its jurisdiction: through contracts (Gov’t owns sanitary assets) or licenses (provider owns sanitary assets). Gov’t Ensurer Asset ownership a arbitrator adjudicateson the compliance and resources of all providers to Gov’tstandards. Sanitary wares NGOs H/Hs CBOs PHED Sludge tankers Housing Societies WASA Bidders Providers Asset ownership

  5. The Decentralization Option R Province Policy Making (Ensurer) Provincial departments set, evaluate and enforce non-excludable standards on all LGs within its jurisdiction. A Arbitrator (i.e. PFC / LGC) adjudicateson the resources and compliance of local governments to provincial standards. r Service Provision (Ensurer) Govt’s set, evaluate & enforce quality of service standards on all providers within its jurisdiction: through contracts (Gov’t owns sanitary assets) or licenses (provider owns sanitary assets). LG Asset ownership a arbitrator adjudicateson the resources and compliance of all providers to Gov’tstandards. Sanitary wares NGOs H/Hs CBOs PHED Sludge tankers Housing Societies WASA Bidders Providers Asset ownership

  6. Thankyou

  7. Sanitation Status in Punjab Rs 17 billion/year PHED WASA H/Hs TMA Non-gov U/C Rs ??? crore/year Rural (65%) Urban (35%) Water 3% 81% handpumps, motorpumps and closed wells 17% PWS 1% 21% H/P, M/P closed well 48.5% PWS 24% safe consumption of drinking water Hygiene 55% not washing hands after defecation 45% handwashing after defecation 20% not 80% h/w Poor hygiene practices especially in rural areas Latrine 44% open defecation 5% not sanitary 51% sanitary latrine 5% OD 92% sanitary latrine No-one safe from poor excreta disposal SWM 97% with no access to SWM systems 2% SWM 44% no SWM 8% 48% SWM Indiscriminate disposal of solid waste Drainage 48% without drainage system 48% open drains 4% 7% w/o 44% open 48% covered Sewage in drains Drains often blocked Community Participation Weak social capital around sanitation Data Sources: PSLM 2006/7, PSLM 2005/6, MICS 2003/4

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