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Digital Divide oder Informationsgerechtigkeit?

Digital Divide oder Informationsgerechtigkeit?. Rafael Capurro Beitrag zum II. ICIE Symposium 2002 www.capurro.de/augsburg2.htm. Übersicht. Einleitung 1. Nicaragua und die Harvard Networked World Readiness Guide (HNWRG) 2. “Working the Internet with a Social Vision” Fazit. Einleitung.

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Digital Divide oder Informationsgerechtigkeit?

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  1. Digital Divide oder Informationsgerechtigkeit? Rafael Capurro Beitrag zum II. ICIE Symposium 2002 www.capurro.de/augsburg2.htm

  2. Übersicht Einleitung 1. Nicaragua und die Harvard Networked World Readiness Guide (HNWRG) 2. “Working the Internet with a Social Vision” Fazit

  3. Einleitung • Welche Formen der Selbstbestimmung und/oder Ausbeutung/Ausgrenzung ermöglicht globale Vernetzung mit/trotz ihrer dezentralen Struktur? • Wie findet der Übergang von einer als Autonomie gedachten Verantwortung zu einer vernetzten Verantwortung statt? • Kurz, wie ist informationelle Gerechtigkeit zu konzipieren?

  4. I. Nicaragua und die HNWRG Harvard Networked World Readiness Guide (HNWRG) http://www.readinessguide.org María Edith Arce - Cornelio Hopman: “The concept of eReadiness (...)” (September 2002):The Harvard Guide or neglecting completely the socio-economic context and historical and cultural background http://funredes.org/mistica/english/cyberlibrary/participants/docuparti/eng_doc_08.doc

  5. 1. Nicaragua... Socio-Economic Analysis: Network Access: • for about 65% of the population, those living below poverty line, a private telephone is and will not be feasible; • there is a huge unsatisfied demand which can be covered by traditional technology

  6. 1. Nicaragua... Internet Availability (priorities for a national policy) • local points of presence of Internet wherever technically possible • unconventional integrated digital solutions for the last mile in remote or rural areas

  7. 1. Nicaragua... Internet Affordability • there is absolutely no way by which direct access to Internet for the large majorities can be made affordable, not even by school based telecenters.

  8. 1. Nicaragua... Networked Learning • Under the present conditions the most effective global promotion of eReadiness consists in extending coverage of the school-system • Only an insignificant number of public institutions for primary and secondary education have access to Internet • Educational Challenge: from memorizing facts to a more constructive approach

  9. 1. Nicaragua... Nicaraguan Society: • 30.2% of the population (ca. 5 Million) is not a possible (Internet) candidate since kids under 10 • Potential users: ca. 41 % • 50% of Nicaraguan families live below misery level (1 $ per person and day) • a literacy generation: at best 40 years from now

  10. 1. Nicaragua... Nicaragua online: • People and organizations online: the minority sector has a substantial potential growth. For the majority combinations with local Radio and local TV are not just less costly alternatives; they are the ideal elements to bridge between both worlds. • Locally relevant content and locally available content

  11. 1. Nicaragua... Nicaragua’s economy: • Nicaragua belongs to the group of highly indebted poor countries • ICT in N. does not offer extraordinary employment opportunities • local B2C-eCommerce does not fit into local commerce structure • P2B-eCommerce may help to operate more smoothly

  12. 1. Nicaragua... Nicaragua’s government • The Nicaraguan government agencies in general are not ready and as it stands will not be ready for eGovernment • To priority: to coordinate the roughly more but a dozen ICT relevant projects • NGO play a crucial role in any concept of development for Nicaragua

  13. 1. Nicaragua... Conclusions: • Harvard Methodology does not permit to identify insurmountable obstacles like misery or more generally an illiterate society • ‘going Internet’ is not an all-round adequate option (neider in basic public education nor in e-Commerce)

  14. 2. “Working the Internet with a Social Vision” • “Istometrische” Prinzipien (Soziale Relevanz der IKT) • Vgl. M. Menou: An Overview of ISToMETERS • Working the Internet with a Social Vision. A Collective Document by the Virtual Mistica Community for the Olistica Project, August 2002

  15. 2. “Working...” • Nicht nur technische oder kommerzielle • menschliche Netzwerke (“red de redes humanas”) • die “sociedad civil” spielt eine entscheidende Rolle • “acceso equitativo”: Zugangsgerechtigkeit • “uso con sentido”: sinnvoll nutzen • “apropiación social”: soziale Aneignung

  16. 2. “Working...” • Chancengleichheit • Einsatz für die am meisten Benachteiligten • Keine unmittelbare Wirkung auf die Veränderung sozialer Probleme

  17. 2. “Working...” • Der Begriff der “digitalen Spaltung” (“brecha digital”) sollte nicht individuell, sondern kollektiv aufgefaßt werden • Die Digitale Spaltung betrifft nicht nur Maschinen, sondern Menschen, die interagieren • Internet vermittelt Information, nicht Wissen • Man kann auch ohne Internet leben!

  18. Fazit Die Gestaltung einer differenzierten Informationsgerechtigkeit wird entscheidend davon abhängen, welche Dimensionen des Menschseins wir in unterschiedlichen Gesellschaften und Kulturen und mit unterschiedlichen Rhythmen im Wechselspiel mit dem Digitalen einbringen und wie diese stets fragilen Verhältnisse sich gewaltfrei entfalten lassen. Vgl. www.capurro.de/infogernach.html

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