Acadia 1621-1755

1. Acadia 1621-1755 LG – To analyse the principal characteristics of the French and English colonial experience in Canada.

2. Success Criteria • I can identify where the Acadians lived. • I can identify who the Acadians are. • I can analyse the Acadians’ alliances, and collaborators. • I can evaluate the Acadians’ fate.

4. Acadia

5. Acadia’s Turbulent History • In the early 17th century, aristocratic French families fought over access to the fur trade and territory in New France. • Over Acadia’s 150 year history, there were frequent conflicts with French aristocrats, the Dutch, English, and English colonials.

6. Acadia’s Turbulent History • Acadia was an important colony as far as cod-fishing was concerned • An important part of France’s imperialistic economy. • It was not as glamorous as the West Indies (sugar, rum, and slaves) or Quebec (fur trade).

7. Acadia’s Turbulent History • As a result, Acadians became less dependant on France. • Bonds between the Acadians and the Mi’kmaq and Maliseet grew quite strong. • The Acadian culture grew over the years, and became distinctly different from other French colonies.

8. Acadia’s Turbulent History • From 1635-1645, Acadia was controlled by two feuding French families • The La Tour and the d’Aulnay families. • This family feud was like a civil war for the Acadians.

9. Acadia’s Turbulent History • Charles d’Aulnay gained control of Acadia, by taking Fort La Tour while La Tour was away. • It was being controlled by his wife at the time. • Madame de la Tour plead for the lives of her men. • They were all hanged. • She died 3 weeks later and La Tour fled to Quebec.

10. Acadia’s Turbulent History • In 1650, d’Aulnay drowned and La Tour returned to Acadia and married d’Aulnay’s widow Jeanne. • La Tour was governor of Acadia for another year until it fell to the British … again. • La Tour was sent to England as a prisoner. • He returned to Acadia as a fur trader and died in 1666 with Jeanne by his side.

11. Outside Threats • Between 1627-1763, Acadia changed hands between the warring French and English and New Englanders 14 times. • Acadians had found more in common with the New Englanders than they did with French powers. • New England became a major trading partner for Acadia

12. Outside Threats • In 1713, France gave up its rights to Acadia with the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht. • As a result, Acadians became British subjects. • However, there were no confirmed borders which everyone agreed with.

13. Outside Threats • 1713, the Acadians had to swear an allegiance to the British crown. • They could maintain their Catholic religion, but their priests would come from Quebec, not France. • The Acadians didn’t put up too much of a fuss, they figured that the change was temporary.

14. Outside Threats • The English needed the Acadians to feed the English soldiers. • The English also benefited from the Acadians’ friendship with the Mi’kmaq.

15. What could possibly go wrong?

16. Expulsion of the Acadians

17. Hmmmm….. • Another cultural genocide in Canada?

18. Expulsion of the Acadians